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Mutual Fund Competition, Managerial Skill, and Alpha Persistence

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  • Gerard Hoberg
  • Nitin Kumar
  • Nagpurnanand Prabhala

Abstract

What economic forces limit mutual fund managers from generating consistent outperformance? We propose and test the hypothesis that buy-side competition from other funds matters. We make three contributions. First, we propose new style-based spatial methods to identify the customized rivals of each fund. Second, we construct dynamic, fund-specific measures of competition and generate measures of skill as a fund’s outperformance relative to its customized peers. Third, and finally, we show that funds outperforming their customized rivals generate future alpha when they face less competition. These results are economically significant and last for over four quarters. Received September 11, 2016; editorial decision September 26, 2017 by Editor Itay Goldstein. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University PressWeb site next to the link to the final published paper online.

Suggested Citation

  • Gerard Hoberg & Nitin Kumar & Nagpurnanand Prabhala, 2018. "Mutual Fund Competition, Managerial Skill, and Alpha Persistence," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 31(5), pages 1896-1929.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:rfinst:v:31:y:2018:i:5:p:1896-1929.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/rfs/hhx127
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    Cited by:

    1. Loban, Lidia & Sarto, José Luis & Vicente, Luis, 2021. "Determinants of non-compliant equity funds with EU portfolio concentration limits," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    2. Chen, Yihao & Miguel, Antonio F. & Liu, Xiayue, 2021. "Does mutual fund family size matter? International evidence," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    3. Chen, Rui & Ren, Jinjuan, 2022. "Do AI-powered mutual funds perform better?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 47(PA).
    4. Alda, Mercedes & Muñoz, Fernando & Vargas, María, 2022. "Product differentiation in the socially responsible mutual fund industry," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    5. Wolfgang Bessler & Thomas Conlon & Diego Víctor de Mingo‐López & Juan Carlos Matallín‐Sáez, 2022. "Mutual fund performance and changes in factor exposure," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 45(1), pages 17-52, March.
    6. Pástor, Ľuboš & Stambaugh, Robert F. & Taylor, Lucian A., 2020. "Fund tradeoffs," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(3), pages 614-634.
    7. Grønborg, Niels S. & Lunde, Asger & Timmermann, Allan & Wermers, Russ, 2021. "Picking funds with confidence," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 139(1), pages 1-28.
    8. Li, Zhiyong & Rao, Xiao, 2023. "Exploring the zoo of predictors for mutual fund performance in China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    9. Bai, John Jianqiu & Tang, Yuehua & Wan, Chi & Yüksel, H. Zafer, 2022. "Fund manager skill in an era of globalization: Offshore concentration and fund performance," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 145(2), pages 18-40.
    10. Puspita Ghaniy Anggraini & Mahfud Sholihin, 2023. "What do we know about managerial ability? A systematic literature review," Management Review Quarterly, Springer, vol. 73(1), pages 1-30, February.
    11. Patel, Mayank & Madhavan, Vinodh & Gupta, Supratim Das & Kumar, Satish, 2023. "Performance persistence and style consistency of Indian fixed income mutual funds – A longitudinal study," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    12. Beggs, William & DeVault, Luke, 2022. "Mutual fund (sub)advisor connections and crowds," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 231-252.
    13. Ali, Ashiq & Chen, Xuanjuan & Yao, Tong & Yu, Tong, 2020. "Can mutual funds profit from post earnings announcement drift? The role of competition," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    14. William J. Hippler & M. Kabir Hassan & Luca Pezzo, 2021. "Partial adjustment towards performance‐based mutual fund returns: Evidence from U.S.‐based equity funds," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(4), pages 5864-5883, October.
    15. Miguel, António F. & Chen, Yihao, 2021. "Do machines beat humans? Evidence from mutual fund performance persistence," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    16. Zambrana, Rafael & Zapatero, Fernando, 2021. "A tale of two types: Generalists vs. specialists in asset management," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(2), pages 844-861.
    17. Pi‐Hsia Hung & Donald Lien & Yun‐Ju Chien, 2020. "Portfolio concentration and fund manager performance," Review of Financial Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 38(3), pages 423-451, July.
    18. Hung, Pi-Hsia & Lien, Donald & Kuo, Ming-Sin, 2020. "Window dressing in equity mutual funds," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 338-354.
    19. Feldman, David & Saxena, Konark & Xu, Jingrui, 2020. "Is the active fund management industry concentrated enough?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 136(1), pages 23-43.
    20. Jeffrey A. Busse & Tarun Chordia & Lei Jiang & Yuehua Tang, 2021. "Transaction Costs, Portfolio Characteristics, and Mutual Fund Performance," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(2), pages 1227-1248, February.
    21. Lu, Shuai & Li, Shouwei & Chen, Ning, 2022. "Robust return efficiency and herding behavior of fund managers," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 46(PA).

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