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The future of the welfare state—a Nordic perspective

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  • Torben M Andersen
  • Michael Svarer

Abstract

The universalistic Nordic welfare model is often praised for its ability to reconcile high income levels and a relatively equal income distribution in small and open economies with large public sectors. The main characteristics and performance of the model are discussed, including its ability to recover from crises and address various challenges. Key policy areas, including labour market policies, pension systems, provision of welfare services, and immigration, are reviewed, and future challenges discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Torben M Andersen & Michael Svarer, 2025. "The future of the welfare state—a Nordic perspective," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 41(1), pages 87-104.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:oxford:v:41:y:2025:i:1:p:87-104.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/oxrep/graf011
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