Identification of safety risks in the transportation process of hazardous goods by railways under a low-carbon background

In order to achieve China’s dual carbon goals and build a green and low-carbon transportation system, and further enhance the safety of railway transportation of hazardous goods, this paper takes flammable liquids as an example and utilizes the methods of hazard and operability analysis and rough set theory comprehensively to analyze and extract safety risk factors during the transportation process, and this paper constructs a core safety risk factor index system for railway transportation of hazardous goods. By using the probability neural network method combined with MATLAB software, the construction and verification of a safety risk identification model are achieved. Meanwhile, this paper conducts the correlation analysis of key operation processes in the railway transportation process of hazardous goods and provides reference for the identification and analysis of railway transportation risks of hazardous goods in actual transportation production.