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A two-layer evaluation model for operational performance of building integrated energy systems with combined weighting

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Listed:
  • Hao Dong
  • Jingwen Liu
  • Xiaobo Cao
  • Wenmo Wang
  • Yifei Li
  • Jing Luo

Abstract

Systematic research on the operational evaluation of Building Integrated Energy Systems (BIES) is currently lacking. This paper constructs a two-layer BIES evaluation framework covering six dimensions and 24 indicators. It uses a weight combination method with the fuzzy optimal-worst method for outer seasonal weights and the entropy-weight method combined with a cloud model for inner indicator weights. Case studies of two BIES projects in China show Project 1 outperforms Project 2, especially in winter, with higher integrated energy system efficiency and lower pollutant emissions. The framework provides a tool for technicians to display BIES indicator scores, offering insights into system optimization.

Suggested Citation

  • Hao Dong & Jingwen Liu & Xiaobo Cao & Wenmo Wang & Yifei Li & Jing Luo, 2025. "A two-layer evaluation model for operational performance of building integrated energy systems with combined weighting," International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, Oxford University Press, vol. 20, pages 1256-1271.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:ijlctc:v:20:y:2025:i::p:1256-1271.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/ijlct/ctaf085
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