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Modeling Cortisol Daily Rhythms of Family Caregivers of Individuals With Dementia: Daily Stressors and Adult Day Services Use

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  • Yin Liu
  • David M Almeida
  • Michael J Rovine
  • Steven H Zarit

Abstract

ObjectivesThe study examined the typical diurnal cortisol trajectory and its differential associations with an intervention, the adult day services (ADS) use, among a sample of family caregivers who experienced high levels of daily stress.MethodOn hundred and sixty-five caregivers of individuals with dementia completed an 8-day diary on daily stressors, positive events, sleep quality, and ADS use. The caregivers also provided five saliva samples on each diary day. Daily cortisol trajectories were modeled as a function of time elapsed since awakening, and three spline growth curve models were fit to the cortisol data. Based on the best-fitting linear spline model, the effect of daily ADS use was examined at both daily and person levels. Covariates included daily experiences and other caregiving characteristics.ResultsOn ADS days, caregivers had a steeper cortisol awakening response (CAR) slope and a steeper morning decline. ADS use remained significant after controlling for covariates at both daily and person levels.DiscussionThe findings suggested potential biophysiological benefits of daily ADS use for a sample that was under chronic stress and high levels of daily stress.

Suggested Citation

  • Yin Liu & David M Almeida & Michael J Rovine & Steven H Zarit, 2018. "Modeling Cortisol Daily Rhythms of Family Caregivers of Individuals With Dementia: Daily Stressors and Adult Day Services Use," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 73(3), pages 457-467.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:geronb:v:73:y:2018:i:3:p:457-467.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/geronb/gbw140
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Steven H. Zarit & Kyungmin Kim & Elia E. Femia & David M. Almeida & Jyoti Savla & Peter C. M. Molenaar, 2011. "Effects of Adult Day Care on Daily Stress of Caregivers: A Within-Person Approach," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 66(5), pages 538-546.
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