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Unlearning Traditionalism: The Long-Run Effects of Schools on Gender Attitudes

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  • Javier Garcia-Brazales

Abstract

Can sustained exposure to females persistently modernise gender attitudes? I study the impact of female peers on gender roles, perceived relative gender ability and gender-related behaviours up to nine years later. For this, I exploit two-decade longitudinal information on cognition, attitudes, aspirations and expectations of a close-to-nationally-representative cohort of Vietnamese primary schoolers exogenously allocated to peers. I find that being in classes with a higher share of females weakens traditional gender views both for males and females, which I complement with suggestive evidence that this translates into actual behaviour. These results indicate that early exposure to females can shift slow-moving attitudes even in contexts of high overall cross-gender interactions.

Suggested Citation

  • Javier Garcia-Brazales, 2026. "Unlearning Traditionalism: The Long-Run Effects of Schools on Gender Attitudes," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 136(674), pages 721-749.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:econjl:v:136:y:2026:i:674:p:721-749.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/ej/ueaf070
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