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Grooming and agonistic support: a meta-analysis of primate reciprocal altruism

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  • Gabriele Schino

Abstract

Grooming and agonistic support are 2 common primate behaviors that have been hypothesized to constitute examples of reciprocal altruism. In particular, because primates often direct their grooming up the dominance hierarchy, it has been suggested that they may exchange grooming for agonistic support. Empirical tests of this hypothesis have resulted in highly inconsistent findings. I synthesized the published literature on the relation between grooming and agonistic support in primates using modern meta-analytical techniques. A meta-analysis of 36 studies carried out on 14 different species showed that a significant positive relation exists between grooming and agonistic support (weighted average r = 0.154, corrected for publication bias). These findings suggest that grooming and agonistic support may have evolved as part of a system of low-cost reciprocal altruism. They also highlight the potential of meta-analysis in tackling the study of behavioral phenomena characterized by low overall frequency and small effect sizes. Copyright 2007.

Suggested Citation

  • Gabriele Schino, 2007. "Grooming and agonistic support: a meta-analysis of primate reciprocal altruism," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 18(1), pages 115-120, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:beheco:v:18:y:2007:i:1:p:115-120
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/beheco/arl045
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    Cited by:

    1. Peter DeScioli & Robert Kurzban, 2009. "The Alliance Hypothesis for Human Friendship," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 4(6), pages 1-8, June.
    2. Barbara Tiddi & Filippo Aureli & Gabriele Schino, 2012. "Grooming Up the Hierarchy: The Exchange of Grooming and Rank-Related Benefits in a New World Primate," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(5), pages 1-6, May.
    3. Bradly Alicea, 2014. "Contextual and Structural Representations of Market-mediated Economic Value," Papers 1403.7021, arXiv.org.
    4. Wei Wei & XiaoGuang Qi & Paul A Garber & SongTao Guo & Pei Zhang & BaoGuo Li, 2013. "Supply and Demand Determine the Market Value of Access to Infants in the Golden Snub-Nosed Monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana)," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(6), pages 1-9, June.
    5. Jeffrey Andrews & Debra J. Davidson, 2013. "Cell-Gazing Into the Future: What Genes, Homo heidelbergensis , and Punishment Tell Us About Our Adaptive Capacity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 5(2), pages 1-10, February.
    6. Fruteau, C., 2010. "Biological markets in the everyday lives of mangabeys and vervets : An observational and experimental study," Other publications TiSEM 3f4fc3e2-723d-4455-9ed2-8, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.

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