Canada's Strategy for Key Critical Raw Materials. Case Study: Copper and Graphite

Critical minerals are of strategic importance in the new economy based on innovation and sustainability, as their unique properties make them essential for a wide range of advanced technologies. The expansion of technology and the demand for high-tech products are driving major world powers to actively seek access to a stable supply of rare minerals, especially in light of the overdependence on some countries or regions for key-resources. Canada is one of the major global players in the production and supply of critical minerals and has recognized their importance through country strategies. This article proposes a qualitative approach, an analysis of two of the most important key minerals –copper and graphite – that are priorities for Canada's critical resource strategy. The research is based on documentary analysis, the results of which are presented in the form of two independent case studies focusing on aspects such as mineral description and use, supply chain, production, Canada's access to resources, and trade. The global competitive component with China, the main player in most critical rare metals markets, is also considered.