Unemployment And Digital Employment Opportunities For Reducing Unemployment

Using information technologies at workplaces forms a global digital labour market which is characterized by transformation of social-and-labour relations, the work process, and forms of employment. On the one hand it stipulates a rise of unemployment rate as a result of digital technologies replacing workers, and on the other hand, new digital forms of employment. The following scientific methods have been used in the research: logical-and-comparative analysis, systematization, theoretical generalization. The peculiarities of the global labour market have been studied, the dynamics of employment and unemployment change has been examined, digital employment characteristic features and classification have been given. Information technologies transform the global labour market, determine the formation of its digital sector and transfer jobs into the information space. Labour force digital supply rises due to the opportunity for employees to join the global network digital space which raises competiton among them. Digital technologies determine the development of the working force virtual migration, which occurs without an actual change of the employees' residence places. In its turn, it stimulates the digitalizing of social-and-labour relations between the employers and employees. At the same time, the overall unemployment rate is growing together with the digitalizing processes in the global labour market. The highest unemployment rate is observed in the countries divided into two groups: the least developed countries and developed countries which haven't overcome the consequences of the financial and economic crisis. It is typical for the developed countries to have technological unemployment. This situation is tangled by the formation of a new stratum of the population – economically inactive youth. Along with it, a new employment type, the digital one, is forming. The digital employment manifests itself in such forms as electronic outsourcing, electronic freelancing, IT-start-ups. Digital employment has been proposed to be divided into basic and smart employment depending on its complexity level. Usefulness of digital employment for reducing the world unemployment rate has been grounded