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Wireless transmission of internal hazard signals in Li-ion batteries

Author

Listed:
  • Jinbao Fan

    (Beijing Institute of Technology)

  • Chenchen Liu

    (Beijing Institute of Technology)

  • Na Li

    (University of Science and Technology Beijing)

  • Le Yang

    (Beijing Institute of Technology)

  • Xiao-Guang Yang

    (Beijing Institute of Technology)

  • Bowen Dou

    (Beijing Institute of Technology)

  • Shujuan Hou

    (Beijing Institute of Technology)

  • Xuning Feng

    (Tsinghua University)

  • Hanqing Jiang

    (Westlake University)

  • Hong Li

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Wei-Li Song

    (Beijing Institute of Technology)

  • Lei Sun

    (Beijing Institute of Technology)

  • Hao-Sen Chen

    (Beijing Institute of Technology)

  • Huajian Gao

    (Tsinghua University)

  • Daining Fang

    (Beijing Institute of Technology)

Abstract

High-capacity lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) play a critical role as power sources across diverse applications, including portable electronics, electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable-energy-storage systems1. However, there is growing concern about the safety of integrated LIB systems, with reports of up to 9,486 incidents between 2020 and 2024 (ref. 2). To ensure the safe application of commercial LIBs, it is essential to capture internal signals that enable early failure diagnosis and warning. Monitoring non-uniform temperature and strain distributions within the jelly-roll structures of the battery provides a promising approach to achieving this goal3,4. Here we propose a miniaturized and low-power-consumption system capable of accurate sensing and wireless transmission of internal temperature and strain signals inside LIBs, with negligible influence on its performance. The acquisition of internal temperature signals and the area ratio between initial internal-short-circuited regions and battery electrodes enables quantitative analysis of thermal fusing and thermal runaway phenomena, leading to the evaluation of the intensity of battery thermal runaway and recognition of thermal abuse behaviours. This work provides a foundation for designing next-generation smart LIBs with safety warning and failure positioning capabilities.

Suggested Citation

  • Jinbao Fan & Chenchen Liu & Na Li & Le Yang & Xiao-Guang Yang & Bowen Dou & Shujuan Hou & Xuning Feng & Hanqing Jiang & Hong Li & Wei-Li Song & Lei Sun & Hao-Sen Chen & Huajian Gao & Daining Fang, 2025. "Wireless transmission of internal hazard signals in Li-ion batteries," Nature, Nature, vol. 641(8063), pages 639-645, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:641:y:2025:i:8063:d:10.1038_s41586-025-08785-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-08785-7
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