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Van der Waals integration before and beyond two-dimensional materials

Author

Listed:
  • Yuan Liu

    (University of California
    Hunan University)

  • Yu Huang

    (University of California
    California Nanosystems Institute, University of California)

  • Xiangfeng Duan

    (California Nanosystems Institute, University of California
    University of California)

Abstract

Material integration strategies, such as epitaxial growth, usually involve strong chemical bonds and are typically limited to materials with strict structure matching and processing compatibility. Van der Waals integration, in which pre-fabricated building blocks are physically assembled together through weak van der Waals interactions, offers an alternative bond-free integration strategy without lattice and processing limitations, as exemplified by two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures. Here we review the development, challenges and opportunities of this emerging approach, generalizing it for flexible integration of diverse material systems beyond two dimensions, and discuss its potential for creating artificial heterostructures or superlattices beyond the reach of existing materials.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuan Liu & Yu Huang & Xiangfeng Duan, 2019. "Van der Waals integration before and beyond two-dimensional materials," Nature, Nature, vol. 567(7748), pages 323-333, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:567:y:2019:i:7748:d:10.1038_s41586-019-1013-x
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1013-x
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