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RNA polymerase I structure and transcription regulation

Author

Listed:
  • Christoph Engel

    (Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377 Munich, Germany)

  • Sarah Sainsbury

    (Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377 Munich, Germany)

  • Alan C. Cheung

    (Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377 Munich, Germany)

  • Dirk Kostrewa

    (Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377 Munich, Germany)

  • Patrick Cramer

    (Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377 Munich, Germany)

Abstract

Transcription of ribosomal RNA by RNA polymerase (Pol) I initiates ribosome biogenesis and regulates eukaryotic cell growth. The crystal structure of Pol I from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 2.8 Å resolution reveals all 14 subunits of the 590-kilodalton enzyme, and shows differences to Pol II. An ‘expander’ element occupies the DNA template site and stabilizes an expanded active centre cleft with an unwound bridge helix. A ‘connector’ element invades the cleft of an adjacent polymerase and stabilizes an inactive polymerase dimer. The connector and expander must detach during Pol I activation to enable transcription initiation and cleft contraction by convergent movement of the polymerase ‘core’ and ‘shelf’ modules. Conversion between an inactive expanded and an active contracted polymerase state may generally underlie transcription. Regulatory factors can modulate the core–shelf interface that includes a ‘composite’ active site for RNA chain initiation, elongation, proofreading and termination.

Suggested Citation

  • Christoph Engel & Sarah Sainsbury & Alan C. Cheung & Dirk Kostrewa & Patrick Cramer, 2013. "RNA polymerase I structure and transcription regulation," Nature, Nature, vol. 502(7473), pages 650-655, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:502:y:2013:i:7473:d:10.1038_nature12712
    DOI: 10.1038/nature12712
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    Cited by:

    1. Zakia Morichaud & Stefano Trapani & Rishi K. Vishwakarma & Laurent Chaloin & Corinne Lionne & Joséphine Lai-Kee-Him & Patrick Bron & Konstantin Brodolin, 2023. "Structural basis of the mycobacterial stress-response RNA polymerase auto-inhibition via oligomerization," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.

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