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Unprecedented Arctic ozone loss in 2011

Author

Listed:
  • Gloria L. Manney

    (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology
    New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology)

  • Michelle L. Santee

    (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology)

  • Markus Rex

    (Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research)

  • Nathaniel J. Livesey

    (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology)

  • Michael C. Pitts

    (NASA Langley Research Center)

  • Pepijn Veefkind

    (Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute
    Delft University of Technology)

  • Eric R. Nash

    (Science Systems and Applications, Inc.)

  • Ingo Wohltmann

    (Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research)

  • Ralph Lehmann

    (Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research)

  • Lucien Froidevaux

    (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology)

  • Lamont R. Poole

    (Science Systems and Applications, Inc.)

  • Mark R. Schoeberl

    (Science and Technology Corporation)

  • David P. Haffner

    (Science Systems and Applications, Inc.)

  • Jonathan Davies

    (Environment Canada)

  • Valery Dorokhov

    (Central Aerological Observatory)

  • Hartwig Gernandt

    (Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research)

  • Bryan Johnson

    (NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory)

  • Rigel Kivi

    (Arctic Research Center, Finnish Meteorological Institute)

  • Esko Kyrö

    (Arctic Research Center, Finnish Meteorological Institute)

  • Niels Larsen

    (Danish Climate Center, Danish Meteorological Institute)

  • Pieternel F. Levelt

    (Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute
    Delft University of Technology
    Eindhoven University of Technology)

  • Alexander Makshtas

    (Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute)

  • C. Thomas McElroy

    (Environment Canada)

  • Hideaki Nakajima

    (National Institute for Environmental Studies)

  • Maria Concepción Parrondo

    (National Institute for Aerospace Technology)

  • David W. Tarasick

    (Environment Canada)

  • Peter von der Gathen

    (Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research)

  • Kaley A. Walker

    (University of Toronto)

  • Nikita S. Zinoviev

    (Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute)

Abstract

Chemical ozone destruction occurs over both polar regions in local winter–spring. In the Antarctic, essentially complete removal of lower-stratospheric ozone currently results in an ozone hole every year, whereas in the Arctic, ozone loss is highly variable and has until now been much more limited. Here we demonstrate that chemical ozone destruction over the Arctic in early 2011 was—for the first time in the observational record—comparable to that in the Antarctic ozone hole. Unusually long-lasting cold conditions in the Arctic lower stratosphere led to persistent enhancement in ozone-destroying forms of chlorine and to unprecedented ozone loss, which exceeded 80 per cent over 18–20 kilometres altitude. Our results show that Arctic ozone holes are possible even with temperatures much milder than those in the Antarctic. We cannot at present predict when such severe Arctic ozone depletion may be matched or exceeded.

Suggested Citation

  • Gloria L. Manney & Michelle L. Santee & Markus Rex & Nathaniel J. Livesey & Michael C. Pitts & Pepijn Veefkind & Eric R. Nash & Ingo Wohltmann & Ralph Lehmann & Lucien Froidevaux & Lamont R. Poole & M, 2011. "Unprecedented Arctic ozone loss in 2011," Nature, Nature, vol. 478(7370), pages 469-475, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:478:y:2011:i:7370:d:10.1038_nature10556
    DOI: 10.1038/nature10556
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    Cited by:

    1. Peter Gathen & Rigel Kivi & Ingo Wohltmann & Ross J. Salawitch & Markus Rex, 2023. "Reply to: No evidence of worsening Arctic springtime ozone losses over the 21st century," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-4, December.
    2. L. M. Polvani & J. Keeble & A. Banerjee & R. Checa-Garcia & G. Chiodo & H. E. Rieder & K. H. Rosenlof, 2023. "No evidence of worsening Arctic springtime ozone losses over the 21st century," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-4, December.

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