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Permanent El Niño during the Pliocene warm period not supported by coral evidence

Author

Listed:
  • Tsuyoshi Watanabe

    (Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University)

  • Atsushi Suzuki

    (Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology)

  • Shoshiro Minobe

    (Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University)

  • Tatsunori Kawashima

    (Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University)

  • Koji Kameo

    (Faculty of Science, Chiba University)

  • Kayo Minoshima

    (Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology)

  • Yolanda M. Aguilar

    (Petrolab, Mines and Geosciences Bureau)

  • Ryoji Wani

    (Interdisciplinary Research Center, Yokohama National University)

  • Hodaka Kawahata

    (Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo)

  • Kohki Sowa

    (Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University)

  • Takaya Nagai

    (Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University)

  • Tomoki Kase

    (National Museum of Nature and Science)

Abstract

Then as now for El Niño Coarse resolution palaeoclimate proxy evidence has suggested that the Pliocene warm period (PWP) between 3 million and 5 million years ago was characterized by permanent El Niño conditions in which the equatorial Pacific was uniformly warm, instead of having the modern-day 'cold tongue' extending westward from South America. New high-resolution climate proxy data from fossil corals raise doubts over this assertion. Well-preserved PWP-era fossil corals with clear skeletal annual bands, discovered in the Philippines, show that ocean conditions in the western Pacific during the PWP were characterized by El Niño variations that are similar to those we see today.

Suggested Citation

  • Tsuyoshi Watanabe & Atsushi Suzuki & Shoshiro Minobe & Tatsunori Kawashima & Koji Kameo & Kayo Minoshima & Yolanda M. Aguilar & Ryoji Wani & Hodaka Kawahata & Kohki Sowa & Takaya Nagai & Tomoki Kase, 2011. "Permanent El Niño during the Pliocene warm period not supported by coral evidence," Nature, Nature, vol. 471(7337), pages 209-211, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:471:y:2011:i:7337:d:10.1038_nature09777
    DOI: 10.1038/nature09777
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