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Extreme particle acceleration in the microquasar Cygnus X-3

Author

Listed:
  • M. Tavani

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
    Università Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
    Consorzio Interuniversitario Fisica Spaziale, Villa Gualino, Viale Settimio Severo 63, I-10133 Torino, Italy
    INFN Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • A. Bulgarelli

    (INAF-IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy)

  • G. Piano

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
    INFN Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • S. Sabatini

    (Università Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
    INFN Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • E. Striani

    (Università Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
    INFN Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • Y. Evangelista

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • A. Trois

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • G. Pooley

    (Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, 19 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK)

  • S. Trushkin

    (Special Astrophysical Observatory RAS, Karachaevo-Cherkassian Republic, Nizhnij Arkhyz 36916, Russia)

  • N. A. Nizhelskij

    (Special Astrophysical Observatory RAS, Karachaevo-Cherkassian Republic, Nizhnij Arkhyz 36916, Russia)

  • M. McCollough

    (Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA)

  • K. I. I. Koljonen

    (TKK/Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Metsähovintie 114, Kylmälä 02540, Finland)

  • G. Pucella

    (ENEA Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 45, I-00044 Frascati (RM), Italy)

  • A. Giuliani

    (INAF-IASF Milano, Via E. Bassini 15, I-20133 Milano, Italy)

  • A. W. Chen

    (Consorzio Interuniversitario Fisica Spaziale, Villa Gualino, Viale Settimio Severo 63, I-10133 Torino, Italy
    INAF-IASF Milano, Via E. Bassini 15, I-20133 Milano, Italy)

  • E. Costa

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • V. Vittorini

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
    Consorzio Interuniversitario Fisica Spaziale, Villa Gualino, Viale Settimio Severo 63, I-10133 Torino, Italy)

  • M. Trifoglio

    (INAF-IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy)

  • F. Gianotti

    (INAF-IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy)

  • A. Argan

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • G. Barbiellini

    (Consorzio Interuniversitario Fisica Spaziale, Villa Gualino, Viale Settimio Severo 63, I-10133 Torino, Italy
    Università di Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
    INFN Trieste, Padriciano 99, I-34012 Trieste, Italy)

  • P. Caraveo

    (INAF-IASF Milano, Via E. Bassini 15, I-20133 Milano, Italy)

  • P. W. Cattaneo

    (INFN Pavia, Via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • V. Cocco

    (Università Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • T. Contessi

    (INAF-IASF Milano, Via E. Bassini 15, I-20133 Milano, Italy)

  • F. D’Ammando

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
    Università Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • E. Del Monte

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • G. De Paris

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • G. Di Cocco

    (INAF-IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy)

  • G. Di Persio

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • I. Donnarumma

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • M. Feroci

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • A. Ferrari

    (Consorzio Interuniversitario Fisica Spaziale, Villa Gualino, Viale Settimio Severo 63, I-10133 Torino, Italy
    Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, I-10125 Torino, Italy)

  • F. Fuschino

    (INAF-IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy)

  • M. Galli

    (ENEA Bologna, Via don Fiammelli 2, I-40128 Bologna, Italy)

  • C. Labanti

    (INAF-IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy)

  • I. Lapshov

    (IKI, Profsoyuznaya Street 84, Moscow 117997, Russia)

  • F. Lazzarotto

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • P. Lipari

    (INFN Roma 1, Piazza Aldo Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy
    Università La Sapienza, Piazza Aldo Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy)

  • F. Longo

    (Università di Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
    INFN Trieste, Padriciano 99, I-34012 Trieste, Italy)

  • E. Mattaini

    (INAF-IASF Milano, Via E. Bassini 15, I-20133 Milano, Italy)

  • M. Marisaldi

    (INAF-IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy)

  • M. Mastropietro

    (CNR, IMIP, I-00016 Montelibretti (Rome), Italy)

  • A. Mauri

    (INAF-IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy)

  • S. Mereghetti

    (INAF-IASF Milano, Via E. Bassini 15, I-20133 Milano, Italy)

  • E. Morelli

    (INAF-IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy)

  • A. Morselli

    (INFN Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • L. Pacciani

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • A. Pellizzoni

    (INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, Poggio dei Pini, I-09012 Capoterra (Cagliari), Italy)

  • F. Perotti

    (INAF-IASF Milano, Via E. Bassini 15, I-20133 Milano, Italy)

  • P. Picozza

    (Università Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
    INFN Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • M. Pilia

    (INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, Poggio dei Pini, I-09012 Capoterra (Cagliari), Italy
    Università Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy)

  • M. Prest

    (Università Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy)

  • M. Rapisarda

    (ENEA Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 45, I-00044 Frascati (RM), Italy)

  • A. Rappoldi

    (INFN Pavia, Via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • E. Rossi

    (INAF-IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy)

  • A. Rubini

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • E. Scalise

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • P. Soffitta

    (INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy)

  • E. Vallazza

    (INFN Trieste, Padriciano 99, I-34012 Trieste, Italy)

  • S. Vercellone

    (INAF-IASF Palermo, Via La Malfa 153, I-90146 Palermo, Italy)

  • A. Zambra

    (Consorzio Interuniversitario Fisica Spaziale, Villa Gualino, Viale Settimio Severo 63, I-10133 Torino, Italy
    INAF-IASF Milano, Via E. Bassini 15, I-20133 Milano, Italy)

  • D. Zanello

    (INFN Roma 1, Piazza Aldo Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy
    Università La Sapienza, Piazza Aldo Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy)

  • C. Pittori

    (ASI Science Data Center, ESRIN, I-00044 Frascati, Italy)

  • F. Verrecchia

    (ASI Science Data Center, ESRIN, I-00044 Frascati, Italy)

  • P. Giommi

    (ASI Science Data Center, ESRIN, I-00044 Frascati, Italy)

  • S. Colafrancesco

    (ASI Science Data Center, ESRIN, I-00044 Frascati, Italy)

  • P. Santolamazza

    (ASI Science Data Center, ESRIN, I-00044 Frascati, Italy)

  • A. Antonelli

    (Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via di Frascati 33, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy)

  • L. Salotti

    (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Viale Liegi 26, I-00198 Roma, Italy)

Abstract

Cygnus X-3: a microquasar shows flare Galactic microquasars are binaries with a neutron star or stellar-mass black hole accreting gas from a companion star. They can accelerate particles to relativistic energies and emit radio flares, but the mechanism of jet energization is not known. A survey of the Cygnus region between mid-2007 and mid-2009 has detected four major γ-ray flaring episodes with energies over 100 MeV, each lasting 1 or 2 days, emanating from the microquasar Cygnus X-3. There is a clear pattern of temporal correlation between the γ-ray flares and transitional spectral states of radio and X-ray emission. Particle acceleration occurred a few days before radio jet ejections for two of the flares, suggesting that jet formation involves the production of highly energetic particles.

Suggested Citation

  • M. Tavani & A. Bulgarelli & G. Piano & S. Sabatini & E. Striani & Y. Evangelista & A. Trois & G. Pooley & S. Trushkin & N. A. Nizhelskij & M. McCollough & K. I. I. Koljonen & G. Pucella & A. Giuliani , 2009. "Extreme particle acceleration in the microquasar Cygnus X-3," Nature, Nature, vol. 462(7273), pages 620-623, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:462:y:2009:i:7273:d:10.1038_nature08578
    DOI: 10.1038/nature08578
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