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A γ-ray burst at a redshift of z ≈ 8.2

Author

Listed:
  • N. R. Tanvir

    (University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK)

  • D. B. Fox

    (Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA)

  • A. J. Levan

    (University of Warwick)

  • E. Berger

    (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA)

  • K. Wiersema

    (University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK)

  • J. P. U. Fynbo

    (Dark Cosmology Centre, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark)

  • A. Cucchiara

    (Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA)

  • T. Krühler

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Giessenbachstraße 1, 85740 Garching, Germany
    Universe Cluster, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstrasse 2, 85748 Garching, Germany)

  • N. Gehrels

    (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA)

  • J. S. Bloom

    (University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3411, USA)

  • J. Greiner

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Giessenbachstraße 1, 85740 Garching, Germany)

  • P. A. Evans

    (University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK)

  • E. Rol

    (Astronomical Institute “Anton Pannekoek”, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 94249, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands)

  • F. Olivares

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Giessenbachstraße 1, 85740 Garching, Germany)

  • J. Hjorth

    (Dark Cosmology Centre, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark)

  • P. Jakobsson

    (Centre for Astrophysics and Cosmology, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 5, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland)

  • J. Farihi

    (University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK)

  • R. Willingale

    (University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK)

  • R. L. C. Starling

    (University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK)

  • S. B. Cenko

    (University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3411, USA)

  • D. Perley

    (University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3411, USA)

  • J. R. Maund

    (Dark Cosmology Centre, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark)

  • J. Duke

    (University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK)

  • R. A. M. J. Wijers

    (Astronomical Institute “Anton Pannekoek”, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 94249, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands)

  • A. J. Adamson

    (Joint Astronomy Centre, 660 North A’ohoku Place, University Park, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, USA)

  • A. Allan

    (School of Physics, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK)

  • M. N. Bremer

    (H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK)

  • D. N. Burrows

    (Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA)

  • A. J. Castro-Tirado

    (Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, PO Box 03004, 18080 Granada, Spain)

  • B. Cavanagh

    (Joint Astronomy Centre, 660 North A’ohoku Place, University Park, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, USA)

  • A. de Ugarte Postigo

    (European Southern Observatory, Casilla 19001, Santiago 19, Chile)

  • M. A. Dopita

    (Research School of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Cotter Road, Weston Creek, Australian Capital Territory 2611, Australia)

  • T. A. Fatkhullin

    (Special Astrophysical Observatory, Nizhnij Arkhyz, Karachai-Cirkassian Republic, 369167, Russia)

  • A. S. Fruchter

    (Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA)

  • R. J. Foley

    (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA)

  • J. Gorosabel

    (Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, PO Box 03004, 18080 Granada, Spain)

  • J. Kennea

    (Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA)

  • T. Kerr

    (Joint Astronomy Centre, 660 North A’ohoku Place, University Park, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, USA)

  • S. Klose

    (Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Sternwarte 5, 07778 Tautenburg, Germany)

  • H. A. Krimm

    (CRESST and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
    Universities Space Research Association, 10211 Wincopin Circle, Suite 500, Columbia, Maryland 21044, USA)

  • V. N. Komarova

    (Special Astrophysical Observatory, Nizhnij Arkhyz, Karachai-Cirkassian Republic, 369167, Russia)

  • S. R. Kulkarni

    (California Institute of Technology, MC 249-17, Pasadena, California 91125, USA)

  • A. S. Moskvitin

    (Special Astrophysical Observatory, Nizhnij Arkhyz, Karachai-Cirkassian Republic, 369167, Russia)

  • C. G. Mundell

    (Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University)

  • T. Naylor

    (School of Physics, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK)

  • K. Page

    (University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK)

  • B. E. Penprase

    (Pomona College, Claremont, California 91711, USA)

  • M. Perri

    (ASI Science Data Center, Via Galileo Galilei, 00044 Frascati, Italy)

  • P. Podsiadlowski

    (Oxford University, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK)

  • K. Roth

    (Gemini Observatory, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, USA)

  • R. E. Rutledge

    (McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada)

  • T. Sakamoto

    (CRESST and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA)

  • P. Schady

    (The UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK)

  • B. P. Schmidt

    (Research School of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Cotter Road, Weston Creek, Australian Capital Territory 2611, Australia)

  • A. M. Soderberg

    (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA)

  • J. Sollerman

    (Dark Cosmology Centre, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
    The Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University)

  • A. W. Stephens

    (Gemini Observatory, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, USA)

  • G. Stratta

    (ASI Science Data Center, Via Galileo Galilei, 00044 Frascati, Italy)

  • T. N. Ukwatta

    (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
    The George Washington University)

  • D. Watson

    (Dark Cosmology Centre, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark)

  • E. Westra

    (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA)

  • T. Wold

    (Joint Astronomy Centre, 660 North A’ohoku Place, University Park, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, USA)

  • C. Wolf

    (Oxford University, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK)

Abstract

Bursting at high redshift Two groups present redshift determinations and other spectroscopic data for the γ-ray burst GRB 090423 — now the earliest and most distant astronomical object known. Salvaterra et al. report its initial detection with the Swift satellite on 23 April 2009, and a redshift determination with the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo on La Palma 14 hours after the burst, obtaining z ≈ 8.1. Tanvir et al. used the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope, Hawaii, from about 20 minutes after the burst and arrive at z ≈ 8.2. The previous highest redshift known for any object was z = 6.96 for a Lyman-α emitting galaxy. These measurements imply that massive stars were being produced and were dying as γ-ray bursts as early as about 600 million years after the Big Bang, and that their properties are very similar to those stars producing γ-ray bursts 10 billion years later.

Suggested Citation

  • N. R. Tanvir & D. B. Fox & A. J. Levan & E. Berger & K. Wiersema & J. P. U. Fynbo & A. Cucchiara & T. Krühler & N. Gehrels & J. S. Bloom & J. Greiner & P. A. Evans & E. Rol & F. Olivares & J. Hjorth &, 2009. "A γ-ray burst at a redshift of z ≈ 8.2," Nature, Nature, vol. 461(7268), pages 1254-1257, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:461:y:2009:i:7268:d:10.1038_nature08459
    DOI: 10.1038/nature08459
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