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A low-energy core-collapse supernova without a hydrogen envelope

Author

Listed:
  • S. Valenti

    (Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast)

  • A. Pastorello

    (Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast)

  • E. Cappellaro

    (INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell' Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padova, Italy)

  • S. Benetti

    (INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell' Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padova, Italy)

  • P. A. Mazzali

    (INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell' Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padova, Italy
    Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 1, D-85741 Garching bei München, Germany)

  • J. Manteca

    (Begues Observatory, Santpere 6 Casa 22, 08859 Begues, Barcelona, Spain)

  • S. Taubenberger

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 1, D-85741 Garching bei München, Germany)

  • N. Elias-Rosa

    (Spitzer Science Center, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, USA)

  • R. Ferrando

    (Calle de la Guardia Civil 22)

  • A. Harutyunyan

    (INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell' Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padova, Italy
    Fundación Galileo Galilei-INAF, Telescopio Nazionale Galileo, E-38700 Santa Cruz de la Palma, Tenerife, Spain)

  • V. P. Hentunen

    (Taurus Hill Observatory, Härcämäentie 88, 79480 Kangaslampi, Finland
    Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku, Väisäläntie 20, FI-21500 Piikkiö, Finland)

  • M. Nissinen

    (Taurus Hill Observatory, Härcämäentie 88, 79480 Kangaslampi, Finland)

  • E. Pian

    (INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy)

  • M. Turatto

    (INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Catania, 78 Via S. Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy)

  • L. Zampieri

    (INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell' Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padova, Italy)

  • S. J. Smartt

    (Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast)

Abstract

A supernova with a past Theory suggests that stars with initial masses greater than 25–30 times that of the Sun end their stellar lives as Wolf–Rayet stars, becoming hydrogen-deficient by rapidly losing mass through strong stellar winds. Any subsequent supernova explosion should produce ejecta of low kinetic energy and faint optical luminosity, with a small mass fraction of radioactive nickel. Until now no core-collapse supernovae fitting this description have been detected. But SN 2008ha, discovered on 7 November 2008, appears to fit the bill. A detailed photometric and spectroscopic study shows SN 2008ha to be the faintest and lowest-luminosity hydrogen-deficient supernova known. This discovery raises the possibility that other similar events have been observed previously — SN 2002cx is one candidate — but were classified as 'peculiar thermonuclear supernovae'.

Suggested Citation

  • S. Valenti & A. Pastorello & E. Cappellaro & S. Benetti & P. A. Mazzali & J. Manteca & S. Taubenberger & N. Elias-Rosa & R. Ferrando & A. Harutyunyan & V. P. Hentunen & M. Nissinen & E. Pian & M. Tura, 2009. "A low-energy core-collapse supernova without a hydrogen envelope," Nature, Nature, vol. 459(7247), pages 674-677, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:459:y:2009:i:7247:d:10.1038_nature08023
    DOI: 10.1038/nature08023
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