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Global warming and amphibian losses; The proximate cause of frog declines? (Reply)

Author

Listed:
  • J. Alan Pounds

    (Golden Toad Laboratory for Conservation, Monteverde Cloud Forest Preserve and Tropical Science Center)

  • Martín R. Bustamante

    (Museo de Zoología, Centro de Biodiversidad y Ambiente, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador)

  • Luis A. Coloma

    (Museo de Zoología, Centro de Biodiversidad y Ambiente, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador)

  • Jamie A. Consuegra

    (Barnard College, Columbia University)

  • Michael P. L. Fogden

    (Golden Toad Laboratory for Conservation, Monteverde Cloud Forest Preserve and Tropical Science Center)

  • Pru N. Foster

    (University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building)

  • Enrique La Marca

    (Laboratorio de Biogeografía, Escuela de Geografía, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales, Universidad de Los Andes, Apartado 116)

  • Karen L. Masters

    (Council for International Educational Exchange)

  • Andrés Merino-Viteri

    (Museo de Zoología, Centro de Biodiversidad y Ambiente, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador)

  • Robert Puschendorf

    (School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University)

  • Santiago R. Ron

    (Museo de Zoología, Centro de Biodiversidad y Ambiente, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador
    University of Texas)

  • G. Arturo Sánchez-Azofeifa

    (University of Alberta)

  • Christopher J. Still

    (University of California at Santa Barbara)

  • Bruce E. Young

    (NatureServe, Plaza Colonial)

Abstract

Alford et al.1 question the working model underlying our test2 for a link between global warming and amphibian disappearances, and Di Rosa et al.3 criticize our emphasis on a single proximate agent, the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. Both teams report key pieces of the amphibian-decline puzzle and new evidence from different parts of the world that climate change is a factor in these losses. Here we show why our working model was appropriate and highlight the complexity of the imminent threat to species survival that results as global warming conspires with various other agents.

Suggested Citation

  • J. Alan Pounds & Martín R. Bustamante & Luis A. Coloma & Jamie A. Consuegra & Michael P. L. Fogden & Pru N. Foster & Enrique La Marca & Karen L. Masters & Andrés Merino-Viteri & Robert Puschendorf & S, 2007. "Global warming and amphibian losses; The proximate cause of frog declines? (Reply)," Nature, Nature, vol. 447(7144), pages 5-6, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:447:y:2007:i:7144:d:10.1038_nature05942
    DOI: 10.1038/nature05942
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