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Reconstructing the early evolution of Fungi using a six-gene phylogeny

Author

Listed:
  • Timothy Y. James

    (Duke University)

  • Frank Kauff

    (Duke University)

  • Conrad L. Schoch

    (Oregon State University)

  • P. Brandon Matheny

    (Clark University)

  • Valérie Hofstetter

    (Duke University)

  • Cymon J. Cox

    (Duke University
    Natural History Museum)

  • Gail Celio

    (University of Minnesota)

  • Cécile Gueidan

    (Duke University)

  • Emily Fraker

    (Duke University)

  • Jolanta Miadlikowska

    (Duke University)

  • H. Thorsten Lumbsch

    (Field Museum of Natural History)

  • Alexandra Rauhut

    (Fachbereich Biologie, Abteilung Pflanzenökologie und Systematik)

  • Valérie Reeb

    (Duke University)

  • A. Elizabeth Arnold

    (Duke University
    University of Arizona)

  • Anja Amtoft

    (New York Botanical Garden)

  • Jason E. Stajich

    (Duke University)

  • Kentaro Hosaka

    (Oregon State University
    The Field Museum)

  • Gi-Ho Sung

    (Oregon State University)

  • Desiree Johnson

    (Oregon State University)

  • Ben O’Rourke

    (Oregon State University)

  • Michael Crockett

    (Oregon State University)

  • Manfred Binder

    (Clark University)

  • Judd M. Curtis

    (Clark University)

  • Jason C. Slot

    (Clark University)

  • Zheng Wang

    (Clark University
    Roy J. Carver Center for Comparative Genomics, University of Iowa)

  • Andrew W. Wilson

    (Clark University)

  • Arthur Schüßler

    (Darmstadt University of Technology)

  • Joyce E. Longcore

    (University of Maine)

  • Kerry O’Donnell

    (National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA Agricultural Research Service)

  • Sharon Mozley-Standridge

    (University of Georgia)

  • David Porter

    (University of Georgia)

  • Peter M. Letcher

    (University of Alabama)

  • Martha J. Powell

    (University of Alabama)

  • John W. Taylor

    (University of California)

  • Merlin M. White

    (University of Kansas)

  • Gareth W. Griffith

    (University of Wales)

  • David R. Davies

    (Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, Plas Gogerddan)

  • Richard A. Humber

    (USDA-ARS Plant Protection Research Unit)

  • Joseph B. Morton

    (West Virginia University)

  • Junta Sugiyama

    (TechnoSuruga, Chiyoda-ku)

  • Amy Y. Rossman

    (USDA Agricultural Research Service)

  • Jack D. Rogers

    (Washington State University)

  • Don H. Pfister

    (Harvard University Herbaria)

  • David Hewitt

    (Harvard University Herbaria)

  • Karen Hansen

    (Harvard University Herbaria)

  • Sarah Hambleton

    (Biodiversity (Mycology and Botany), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada)

  • Robert A. Shoemaker

    (Biodiversity (Mycology and Botany), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada)

  • Jan Kohlmeyer

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Brigitte Volkmann-Kohlmeyer

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Robert A. Spotts

    (Oregon State University)

  • Maryna Serdani

    (Oregon State University)

  • Pedro W. Crous

    (Fungal Biodiversity Centre)

  • Karen W. Hughes

    (University of Tennessee)

  • Kenji Matsuura

    (Okayama University)

  • Ewald Langer

    (Universität Kassel)

  • Gitta Langer

    (Universität Kassel)

  • Wendy A. Untereiner

    (Brandon University)

  • Robert Lücking

    (Field Museum of Natural History)

  • Burkhard Büdel

    (Fachbereich Biologie, Abteilung Pflanzenökologie und Systematik)

  • David M. Geiser

    (Penn State University)

  • André Aptroot

    (Adviesbureau voor Bryologie en Lichenologie)

  • Paul Diederich

    (Musée national d’histoire naturelle)

  • Imke Schmitt

    (Field Museum of Natural History
    Hans-Knöll-Institute)

  • Matthias Schultz

    (Universität Hamburg, Systematik der Pflanzen)

  • Rebecca Yahr

    (Duke University
    Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh)

  • David S. Hibbett

    (Clark University)

  • François Lutzoni

    (Duke University)

  • David J. McLaughlin

    (University of Minnesota)

  • Joseph W. Spatafora

    (Oregon State University)

  • Rytas Vilgalys

    (Duke University)

Abstract

The ancestors of fungi are believed to be simple aquatic forms with flagellated spores, similar to members of the extant phylum Chytridiomycota (chytrids). Current classifications assume that chytrids form an early-diverging clade within the kingdom Fungi and imply a single loss of the spore flagellum, leading to the diversification of terrestrial fungi. Here we develop phylogenetic hypotheses for Fungi using data from six gene regions and nearly 200 species. Our results indicate that there may have been at least four independent losses of the flagellum in the kingdom Fungi. These losses of swimming spores coincided with the evolution of new mechanisms of spore dispersal, such as aerial dispersal in mycelial groups and polar tube eversion in the microsporidia (unicellular forms that lack mitochondria). The enigmatic microsporidia seem to be derived from an endoparasitic chytrid ancestor similar to Rozella allomycis, on the earliest diverging branch of the fungal phylogenetic tree.

Suggested Citation

  • Timothy Y. James & Frank Kauff & Conrad L. Schoch & P. Brandon Matheny & Valérie Hofstetter & Cymon J. Cox & Gail Celio & Cécile Gueidan & Emily Fraker & Jolanta Miadlikowska & H. Thorsten Lumbsch & A, 2006. "Reconstructing the early evolution of Fungi using a six-gene phylogeny," Nature, Nature, vol. 443(7113), pages 818-822, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:443:y:2006:i:7113:d:10.1038_nature05110
    DOI: 10.1038/nature05110
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Christine Strullu-Derrien & Tomasz Goral & Alan R. T. Spencer & Paul Kenrick & M. Catherine Aime & Ester Gaya & David L. Hawksworth, 2023. "A fungal plant pathogen discovered in the Devonian Rhynie Chert," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    2. Zili Song & Shuang Zhou & Hongjiao Zhang & Nancy P. Keller & Berl R. Oakley & Xiao Liu & Wen-Bing Yin, 2023. "Fungal secondary metabolism is governed by an RNA-binding protein CsdA/RsdA complex," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-16, December.

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