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Evolutionary diversification of TTX-resistant sodium channels in a predator–prey interaction

Author

Listed:
  • Shana L. Geffeney

    (Utah State University)

  • Esther Fujimoto

    (Utah State University
    University of Utah School of Medicine)

  • Edmund D. Brodie

    (Indiana University)

  • Edmund D. Brodie

    (Utah State University)

  • Peter C. Ruben

    (Utah State University)

Abstract

Understanding the molecular genetic basis of adaptations provides incomparable insight into the genetic mechanisms by which evolutionary diversification takes place. Whether the evolution of common traits in different lineages proceeds by similar or unique mutations, and the degree to which phenotypic evolution is controlled by changes in gene regulation as opposed to gene function, are fundamental questions in evolutionary biology that require such an understanding of genetic mechanisms1,2,3. Here we identify novel changes in the molecular structure of a sodium channel expressed in snake skeletal muscle, tsNaV1.4, that are responsible for differences in tetrodotoxin (TTX) resistance among garter snake populations coevolving with toxic newts4. By the functional expression of tsNaV1.4, we show how differences in the amino-acid sequence of the channel affect TTX binding and impart different levels of resistance in four snake populations. These results indicate that the evolution of a physiological trait has occurred through a series of unique functional changes in a gene that is otherwise highly conserved among vertebrates.

Suggested Citation

  • Shana L. Geffeney & Esther Fujimoto & Edmund D. Brodie & Edmund D. Brodie & Peter C. Ruben, 2005. "Evolutionary diversification of TTX-resistant sodium channels in a predator–prey interaction," Nature, Nature, vol. 434(7034), pages 759-763, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:434:y:2005:i:7034:d:10.1038_nature03444
    DOI: 10.1038/nature03444
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