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The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome

Author

Listed:
  • Mark T. Ross

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Darren V. Grafham

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Alison J. Coffey

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Steven Scherer

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Kirsten McLay

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Donna Muzny

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Matthias Platzer

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Gareth R. Howell

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Christine Burrows

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Christine P. Bird

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Adam Frankish

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Frances L. Lovell

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Kevin L. Howe

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jennifer L. Ashurst

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Robert S. Fulton

    (Washington University Genome Sequencing Center)

  • Ralf Sudbrak

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics
    Christian-Albrechts-University)

  • Gaiping Wen

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Matthew C. Jones

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Matthew E. Hurles

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • T. Daniel Andrews

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Carol E. Scott

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Stephen Searle

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Juliane Ramser

    (Medizinische Genetik, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität)

  • Adam Whittaker

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Rebecca Deadman

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Nigel P. Carter

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Sarah E. Hunt

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Rui Chen

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Andrew Cree

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Preethi Gunaratne

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Paul Havlak

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Anne Hodgson

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Michael L. Metzker

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Stephen Richards

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Graham Scott

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • David Steffen

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Erica Sodergren

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • David A. Wheeler

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Kim C. Worley

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Rachael Ainscough

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Kerrie D. Ambrose

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • M. Ali Ansari-Lari

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Swaroop Aradhya

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Robert I. S. Ashwell

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Anne K. Babbage

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Claire L. Bagguley

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Andrea Ballabio

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Ruby Banerjee

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Gary E. Barker

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Karen F. Barlow

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Ian P. Barrett

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Karen N. Bates

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • David M. Beare

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Helen Beasley

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Oliver Beasley

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Alfred Beck

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics)

  • Graeme Bethel

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Karin Blechschmidt

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Nicola Brady

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Sarah Bray-Allen

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Anne M. Bridgeman

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Andrew J. Brown

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Mary J. Brown

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • David Bonnin

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Elspeth A. Bruford

    (University College London)

  • Christian Buhay

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Paula Burch

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Deborah Burford

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Joanne Burgess

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Wayne Burrill

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • John Burton

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jackie M. Bye

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Carol Carder

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Laura Carrel

    (Pennsylvania State College of Medicine)

  • Joseph Chako

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Joanne C. Chapman

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Dean Chavez

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Ellson Chen

    (PE-Applied Biosystems)

  • Guan Chen

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Yuan Chen

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Zhijian Chen

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Craig Chinault

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Alfredo Ciccodicola

    (Adriano Buzzati-Traverso)

  • Sue Y. Clark

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Graham Clarke

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Chris M. Clee

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Sheila Clegg

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Kerstin Clerc-Blankenburg

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Karen Clifford

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Vicky Cobley

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Charlotte G. Cole

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jen S. Conquer

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Nicole Corby

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Richard E. Connor

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Robert David

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Joy Davies

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Clay Davis

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • John Davis

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Oliver Delgado

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Denise DeShazo

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Pawandeep Dhami

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Yan Ding

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Huyen Dinh

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Steve Dodsworth

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Heather Draper

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Shannon Dugan-Rocha

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Andrew Dunham

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Matthew Dunn

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • K. James Durbin

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Ireena Dutta

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Tamsin Eades

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Matthew Ellwood

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Alexandra Emery-Cohen

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Helen Errington

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Kathryn L. Evans

    (University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital)

  • Louisa Faulkner

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Fiona Francis

    (Université Paris V.)

  • John Frankland

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Audrey E. Fraser

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Petra Galgoczy

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • James Gilbert

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Rachel Gill

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Gernot Glöckner

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Simon G. Gregory

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Susan Gribble

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Coline Griffiths

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Russell Grocock

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Yanghong Gu

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Rhian Gwilliam

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Cerissa Hamilton

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Elizabeth A. Hart

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Alicia Hawes

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Paul D. Heath

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Katja Heitmann

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics)

  • Steffen Hennig

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics)

  • Judith Hernandez

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Bernd Hinzmann

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Sarah Ho

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Michael Hoffs

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Phillip J. Howden

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Elizabeth J. Huckle

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jennifer Hume

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Paul J. Hunt

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Adrienne R. Hunt

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Judith Isherwood

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Leni Jacob

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • David Johnson

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Sally Jones

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Pieter J. de Jong

    (BACPAC Resources, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute)

  • Shirin S. Joseph

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Stephen Keenan

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Susan Kelly

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Joanne K. Kershaw

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Ziad Khan

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Petra Kioschis

    (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum)

  • Sven Klages

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics)

  • Andrew J. Knights

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Anna Kosiura

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics)

  • Christie Kovar-Smith

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Gavin K. Laird

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Cordelia Langford

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Stephanie Lawlor

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Margaret Leversha

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Lora Lewis

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Wen Liu

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Christine Lloyd

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • David M. Lloyd

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Hermela Loulseged

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Jane E. Loveland

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jamieson D. Lovell

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Ryan Lozado

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Jing Lu

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Rachael Lyne

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jie Ma

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Manjula Maheshwari

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Lucy H. Matthews

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jennifer McDowall

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Stuart McLaren

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Amanda McMurray

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Patrick Meidl

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Thomas Meitinger

    (Institute of Human Genetics, GSF National Research Center for Environment and Health)

  • Sarah Milne

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • George Miner

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Shailesh L. Mistry

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Margaret Morgan

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Sidney Morris

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Ines Müller

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics
    RZPD Resource Center for Genome Research)

  • James C. Mullikin

    (National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health)

  • Ngoc Nguyen

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Gabriele Nordsiek

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Gerald Nyakatura

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Christopher N. O'Dell

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Geoffery Okwuonu

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Sophie Palmer

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Richard Pandian

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • David Parker

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Julia Parrish

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Shiran Pasternak

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Dina Patel

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Alex V. Pearce

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Danita M. Pearson

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Sarah E. Pelan

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Lesette Perez

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Keith M. Porter

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Yvonne Ramsey

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Kathrin Reichwald

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Susan Rhodes

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Kerry A. Ridler

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • David Schlessinger

    (National Institute on Aging)

  • Mary G. Schueler

    (National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health)

  • Harminder K. Sehra

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Charles Shaw-Smith

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Hua Shen

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Elizabeth M. Sheridan

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Ratna Shownkeen

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Carl D. Skuce

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Michelle L. Smith

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Elizabeth C. Sotheran

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Helen E. Steingruber

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Charles A. Steward

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Roy Storey

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • R. Mark Swann

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • David Swarbreck

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Paul E. Tabor

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Stefan Taudien

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Tineace Taylor

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Brian Teague

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Karen Thomas

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Andrea Thorpe

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Kirsten Timms

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Alan Tracey

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Steve Trevanion

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Anthony C. Tromans

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Michele d'Urso

    (Adriano Buzzati-Traverso)

  • Daniel Verduzco

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Donna Villasana

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Lenee Waldron

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Melanie Wall

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Qiaoyan Wang

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • James Warren

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Georgina L. Warry

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Xuehong Wei

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Anthony West

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Siobhan L. Whitehead

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Mathew N. Whiteley

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jane E. Wilkinson

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • David L. Willey

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Gabrielle Williams

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Leanne Williams

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Angela Williamson

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Helen Williamson

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Laurens Wilming

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Rebecca L. Woodmansey

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Paul W. Wray

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jennifer Yen

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Jingkun Zhang

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Jianling Zhou

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Huda Zoghbi

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Sara Zorilla

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • David Buck

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Richard Reinhardt

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics)

  • Annemarie Poustka

    (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum)

  • André Rosenthal

    (Genomanalyse, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie)

  • Hans Lehrach

    (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics)

  • Alfons Meindl

    (Medizinische Genetik, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität)

  • Patrick J. Minx

    (Washington University Genome Sequencing Center)

  • LaDeana W. Hillier

    (Washington University Genome Sequencing Center)

  • Huntington F. Willard

    (Duke University)

  • Richard K. Wilson

    (Washington University Genome Sequencing Center)

  • Robert H. Waterston

    (Washington University Genome Sequencing Center)

  • Catherine M. Rice

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Mark Vaudin

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Alan Coulson

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • David L. Nelson

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • George Weinstock

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • John E. Sulston

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Richard Durbin

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Tim Hubbard

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Richard A. Gibbs

    (Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics)

  • Stephan Beck

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • Jane Rogers

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

  • David R. Bentley

    (Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton)

Abstract

The human X chromosome has a unique biology that was shaped by its evolution as the sex chromosome shared by males and females. We have determined 99.3% of the euchromatic sequence of the X chromosome. Our analysis illustrates the autosomal origin of the mammalian sex chromosomes, the stepwise process that led to the progressive loss of recombination between X and Y, and the extent of subsequent degradation of the Y chromosome. LINE1 repeat elements cover one-third of the X chromosome, with a distribution that is consistent with their proposed role as way stations in the process of X-chromosome inactivation. We found 1,098 genes in the sequence, of which 99 encode proteins expressed in testis and in various tumour types. A disproportionately high number of mendelian diseases are documented for the X chromosome. Of this number, 168 have been explained by mutations in 113 X-linked genes, which in many cases were characterized with the aid of the DNA sequence.

Suggested Citation

  • Mark T. Ross & Darren V. Grafham & Alison J. Coffey & Steven Scherer & Kirsten McLay & Donna Muzny & Matthias Platzer & Gareth R. Howell & Christine Burrows & Christine P. Bird & Adam Frankish & Franc, 2005. "The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome," Nature, Nature, vol. 434(7031), pages 325-337, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:434:y:2005:i:7031:d:10.1038_nature03440
    DOI: 10.1038/nature03440
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    Cited by:

    1. Norman L. Lehman & Nathalie Spassky & Müge Sak & Amy Webb & Cory T. Zumbar & Aisulu Usubalieva & Khaled J. Alkhateeb & Joseph P. McElroy & Kirsteen H. Maclean & Paolo Fadda & Tom Liu & Vineela Gangala, 2022. "Astroblastomas exhibit radial glia stem cell lineages and differential expression of imprinted and X-inactivation escape genes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-20, December.

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