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Ancient co-speciation of simian foamy viruses and primates

Author

Listed:
  • William M. Switzer

    (HIV and Retrovirology Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

  • Marco Salemi

    (University of Florida)

  • Vedapuri Shanmugam

    (HIV and Retrovirology Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

  • Feng Gao

    (Duke University)

  • Mian-er Cong

    (HIV and Retrovirology Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

  • Carla Kuiken

    (Los Alamos National Laboratory)

  • Vinod Bhullar

    (HIV and Retrovirology Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

  • Brigitte E. Beer

    (Southern Research Institute)

  • Dominique Vallet

    (CNRS-Université Rennes I, Ethology, Evolution, Ecology, Station Biologique)

  • Annie Gautier-Hion

    (CNRS-Université Rennes I, Ethology, Evolution, Ecology, Station Biologique)

  • Zena Tooze

    (Cercopan)

  • Francois Villinger

    (Emory University)

  • Edward C. Holmes

    (University of Oxford)

  • Walid Heneine

    (HIV and Retrovirology Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

Abstract

Constant companions It is thought that viruses and their hosts must constantly adapt to each other to survive. A striking example of this phenomenon is revealed in a comparison of the genetic evolution of primates with that of simian foamy viruses. These ubiquitous nonpathogenic retroviruses infect all primates — with the curious exception of Homo sapiens. The study shows that these viruses have co-speciated with Old World primates for at least 30 million years, making them the oldest known vertebrate RNA viruses. Humans are susceptible to simian foamy viruses and have a common evolution with Old Word monkeys, so the apparent lack of a ‘human’ foamy virus provides interesting avenues for speculation.

Suggested Citation

  • William M. Switzer & Marco Salemi & Vedapuri Shanmugam & Feng Gao & Mian-er Cong & Carla Kuiken & Vinod Bhullar & Brigitte E. Beer & Dominique Vallet & Annie Gautier-Hion & Zena Tooze & Francois Villi, 2005. "Ancient co-speciation of simian foamy viruses and primates," Nature, Nature, vol. 434(7031), pages 376-380, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:434:y:2005:i:7031:d:10.1038_nature03341
    DOI: 10.1038/nature03341
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