Author
Listed:
- S. Y. Lin
(Sandia National Laboratories)
- J. G. Fleming
(Sandia National Laboratories)
- D. L. Hetherington
(Sandia National Laboratories)
- B. K. Smith
(Sandia National Laboratories)
- R. Biswas
(Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University)
- K. M. Ho
(Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University)
- M. M. Sigalas
(Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University)
- W. Zubrzycki
(Sandia National Laboratories)
- S. R. Kurtz
(Sandia National Laboratories)
- Jim Bur
(Sandia National Laboratories)
Abstract
The ability to confine and control light in three dimensions would have important implications for quantum optics and quantum-optical devices: the modification of black-body radiation, the localization of light to a fraction of a cubic wavelength, and thus the realization of single-mode light-emitting diodes, are but a few examples1,2,3. Photonic crystals — the optical analogues of electronic crystal — provide a means for achieving these goals. Combinations of metallic and dielectric materials can be used to obtain the required three-dimensional periodic variations in dielectric constant, but dissipation due to free carrier absorption will limit application of such structures at the technologically useful infrared wavelengths4. On the other hand, three-dimensional photonic crystals fabricated in low-loss gallium arsenide show only a weak ‘stop band’ (that is, range of frequencies at which propagation of light is forbidden) at the wavelengths of interest5. Here we report the construction of a three-dimensional infrared photonic crystal on a silicon wafer using relatively standard microelectronics fabrication technology. Our crystal shows a large stop band (10–14.5 μm), strong attenuation of light within this band (∼12 dB per unit cell) and a spectral response uniform to better than 1 per cent over the area of the 6-inch wafer.
Suggested Citation
S. Y. Lin & J. G. Fleming & D. L. Hetherington & B. K. Smith & R. Biswas & K. M. Ho & M. M. Sigalas & W. Zubrzycki & S. R. Kurtz & Jim Bur, 1998.
"A three-dimensional photonic crystal operating at infrared wavelengths,"
Nature, Nature, vol. 394(6690), pages 251-253, July.
Handle:
RePEc:nat:nature:v:394:y:1998:i:6690:d:10.1038_28343
DOI: 10.1038/28343
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