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Negative Poisson's ratios as a common feature of cubic metals

Author

Listed:
  • Ray H. Baughman

    (AlliedSignal Inc., Research and Technology)

  • Justin M. Shacklette

    (AlliedSignal Inc., Research and Technology)

  • Anvar A. Zakhidov

    (AlliedSignal Inc., Research and Technology)

  • Sven Stafström

    (Linköping University)

Abstract

Poisson's ratio is, for specified directions, the ratio of a lateral contraction to the longitudinal extension during the stretching of a material. Although a negative Poisson's ratio (that is, a lateral extension in response to stretching) is not forbidden by thermodynamics, this property is generally believed to be rare in crystalline solids1. In contrast to this belief, 69% of the cubic elemental metals have a negative Poisson's ratio when stretched along the [110] direction. For these metals, we find that correlations exist between the work function and the extremal values of Poisson's ratio for this stretch direction, which we explain using a simple electron-gas model. Moreover, these negative Poisson's ratios permit the existence, in the orthogonal lateral direction, of positive Poisson's ratios up to the stability limit of 2 for cubic crystals. Such metals having negative Poisson's ratios may find application as electrodes that amplify the response of piezoelectric sensors.

Suggested Citation

  • Ray H. Baughman & Justin M. Shacklette & Anvar A. Zakhidov & Sven Stafström, 1998. "Negative Poisson's ratios as a common feature of cubic metals," Nature, Nature, vol. 392(6674), pages 362-365, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:392:y:1998:i:6674:d:10.1038_32842
    DOI: 10.1038/32842
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