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Theta oscillations shift towards optimal frequency for cognitive control

Author

Listed:
  • Mehdi Senoussi

    (Ghent University)

  • Pieter Verbeke

    (Ghent University)

  • Kobe Desender

    (Ghent University
    University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
    KU Leuven)

  • Esther Loof

    (Ghent University)

  • Durk Talsma

    (Ghent University)

  • Tom Verguts

    (Ghent University)

Abstract

Cognitive control allows to flexibly guide behaviour in a complex and ever-changing environment. It is supported by theta band (4–7 Hz) neural oscillations that coordinate distant neural populations. However, little is known about the precise neural mechanisms permitting such flexible control. Most research has focused on theta amplitude, showing that it increases when control is needed, but a second essential aspect of theta oscillations, their peak frequency, has mostly been overlooked. Here, using computational modelling and behavioural and electrophysiological recordings, in three independent datasets, we show that theta oscillations adaptively shift towards optimal frequency depending on task demands. We provide evidence that theta frequency balances reliable set-up of task representation and gating of task-relevant sensory and motor information and that this frequency shift predicts behavioural performance. Our study presents a mechanism supporting flexible control and calls for a reevaluation of the mechanistic role of theta oscillations in adaptive behaviour.

Suggested Citation

  • Mehdi Senoussi & Pieter Verbeke & Kobe Desender & Esther Loof & Durk Talsma & Tom Verguts, 2022. "Theta oscillations shift towards optimal frequency for cognitive control," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 6(7), pages 1000-1013, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nathum:v:6:y:2022:i:7:d:10.1038_s41562-022-01335-5
    DOI: 10.1038/s41562-022-01335-5
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