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Demonstration of Ru as the 4th ferromagnetic element at room temperature

Author

Listed:
  • P. Quarterman

    (University of Minnesota)

  • Congli Sun

    (University of Wisconsin)

  • Javier Garcia-Barriocanal

    (University of Minnesota)

  • Mahendra DC

    (University of Minnesota)

  • Yang Lv

    (University of Minnesota)

  • Sasikanth Manipatruni

    (Components Research, Intel Corp.)

  • Dmitri E. Nikonov

    (Components Research, Intel Corp.)

  • Ian A. Young

    (Components Research, Intel Corp.)

  • Paul M. Voyles

    (University of Wisconsin)

  • Jian-Ping Wang

    (University of Minnesota)

Abstract

Development of novel magnetic materials is of interest for fundamental studies and applications such as spintronics, permanent magnetics, and sensors. We report on the first experimental realization of single element ferromagnetism, since Fe, Co, and Ni, in metastable tetragonal Ru, which has been predicted. Body-centered tetragonal Ru phase is realized by use of strain via seed layer engineering. X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy confirm the epitaxial mechanism to obtain tetragonal phase Ru. We observed a saturation magnetization of 148 and 160 emu cm−3 at room temperature and 10 K, respectively. Control samples ensure the ferromagnetism we report on is from tetragonal Ru and not from magnetic contamination. The effect of thickness on the magnetic properties is also studied, and it is observed that increasing thickness results in strain relaxation, and thus diluting the magnetization. Anomalous Hall measurements are used to confirm its ferromagnetic behavior.

Suggested Citation

  • P. Quarterman & Congli Sun & Javier Garcia-Barriocanal & Mahendra DC & Yang Lv & Sasikanth Manipatruni & Dmitri E. Nikonov & Ian A. Young & Paul M. Voyles & Jian-Ping Wang, 2018. "Demonstration of Ru as the 4th ferromagnetic element at room temperature," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-6, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:9:y:2018:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-018-04512-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04512-1
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