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The Gastrodia elata genome provides insights into plant adaptation to heterotrophy

Author

Listed:
  • Yuan Yuan

    (Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

  • Xiaohua Jin

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences (IBCAS))

  • Juan Liu

    (Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

  • Xing Zhao

    (Novogene Bioinformatics Institute)

  • Junhui Zhou

    (Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

  • Xin Wang

    (Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

  • Deyi Wang

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences (IBCAS))

  • Changjiangsheng Lai

    (Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

  • Wei Xu

    (Novogene Bioinformatics Institute)

  • Jingwen Huang

    (Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

  • Liangping Zha

    (Anhui University of Chinese Medicine)

  • Dahui Liu

    (Hubei University of Chinese Medicine)

  • Xiao Ma

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences (IBCAS))

  • Li Wang

    (Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Menyan Zhou

    (Novogene Bioinformatics Institute)

  • Zhi Jiang

    (Novogene Bioinformatics Institute)

  • Hubiao Meng

    (Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

  • Huasheng Peng

    (Anhui University of Chinese Medicine)

  • Yuting Liang

    (Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

  • Ruiqiang Li

    (Novogene Bioinformatics Institute)

  • Chao Jiang

    (Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

  • Yuyang Zhao

    (Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

  • Tiegui Nan

    (Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

  • Yan Jin

    (Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

  • Zhilai Zhan

    (Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

  • Jian Yang

    (Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

  • Wenkai Jiang

    (Novogene Bioinformatics Institute)

  • Luqi Huang

    (Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

Abstract

We present the 1.06 Gb sequenced genome of Gastrodia elata, an obligate mycoheterotrophic plant, which contains 18,969 protein-coding genes. Many genes conserved in other plant species have been deleted from the G. elata genome, including most of those for photosynthesis. Additional evidence of the influence of genome plasticity in the adaptation of this mycoheterotrophic lifestyle is evident in the large number of gene families that are expanded in G. elata, including glycoside hydrolases and urease that likely facilitate the digestion of hyphae are expanded, as are genes associated with strigolactone signaling, and ATPases that may contribute to the atypical energy metabolism. We also find that the plastid genome of G. elata is markedly smaller than that of green plant species while its mitochondrial genome is one of the largest observed to date. Our report establishes a foundation for studying adaptation to a mycoheterotrophic lifestyle.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuan Yuan & Xiaohua Jin & Juan Liu & Xing Zhao & Junhui Zhou & Xin Wang & Deyi Wang & Changjiangsheng Lai & Wei Xu & Jingwen Huang & Liangping Zha & Dahui Liu & Xiao Ma & Li Wang & Menyan Zhou & Zhi J, 2018. "The Gastrodia elata genome provides insights into plant adaptation to heterotrophy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:9:y:2018:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-018-03423-5
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03423-5
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