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Accelerated pseudogenization on the neo-X chromosome in Drosophila miranda

Author

Listed:
  • Masafumi Nozawa

    (Center for Information Biology, National Institute of Genetics
    SOKENDAI
    Tokyo Metropolitan University)

  • Kanako Onizuka

    (Center for Information Biology, National Institute of Genetics)

  • Mai Fujimi

    (Center for Information Biology, National Institute of Genetics)

  • Kazuho Ikeo

    (Center for Information Biology, National Institute of Genetics
    SOKENDAI)

  • Takashi Gojobori

    (Center for Information Biology, National Institute of Genetics
    King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computational Bioscience Research Center, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering)

Abstract

Y chromosomes often degenerate via the accumulation of pseudogenes and transposable elements. By contrast, little is known about X-chromosome degeneration. Here we compare the pseudogenization process between genes on the neo-sex chromosomes in Drosophila miranda and their autosomal orthologues in closely related species. The pseudogenization rate on the neo-X is much lower than the rate on the neo-Y, but appears to be higher than the rate on the orthologous autosome in D. pseudoobscura. Genes under less functional constraint and/or genes with male-biased expression tend to become pseudogenes on the neo-X, indicating the accumulation of slightly deleterious mutations and the feminization of the neo-X. We also find a weak trend that the genes with female-benefit/male-detriment effects identified in D. melanogaster are pseudogenized on the neo-X, implying the masculinization of the neo-X. These observations suggest that both X and Y chromosomes can degenerate due to a complex suite of evolutionary forces.

Suggested Citation

  • Masafumi Nozawa & Kanako Onizuka & Mai Fujimi & Kazuho Ikeo & Takashi Gojobori, 2016. "Accelerated pseudogenization on the neo-X chromosome in Drosophila miranda," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:7:y:2016:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms13659
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13659
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