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Universal shape and pressure inside bubbles appearing in van der Waals heterostructures

Author

Listed:
  • E. Khestanova

    (School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester)

  • F. Guinea

    (School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester
    IMDEA Nanociencia, Faraday)

  • L. Fumagalli

    (School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester)

  • A. K. Geim

    (School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester)

  • I. V. Grigorieva

    (School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester)

Abstract

Trapped substances between a two-dimensional (2D) crystal and an atomically flat substrate lead to the formation of bubbles. Their size, shape and internal pressure are determined by the competition between van der Waals attraction of the crystal to the substrate and the elastic energy needed to deform it, allowing to use bubbles to study elastic properties of 2D crystals and conditions of confinement. Using atomic force microscopy, we analysed a variety of bubbles formed by monolayers of graphene, boron nitride and MoS2. Their shapes are found to exhibit universal scaling, in agreement with our analysis based on the theory of elasticity of membranes. We also measured the hydrostatic pressure induced by the confinement, which was found to reach tens of MPa inside submicron bubbles. This agrees with our theory estimates and suggests that for even smaller, sub-10 nm bubbles the pressure can be close to 1 GPa and may modify properties of a trapped material.

Suggested Citation

  • E. Khestanova & F. Guinea & L. Fumagalli & A. K. Geim & I. V. Grigorieva, 2016. "Universal shape and pressure inside bubbles appearing in van der Waals heterostructures," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-10, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:7:y:2016:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms12587
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12587
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    Cited by:

    1. Nathan Ronceray & Massimo Spina & Vanessa Hui Yin Chou & Chwee Teck Lim & Andre K. Geim & Slaven Garaj, 2024. "Elastocapillarity-driven 2D nano-switches enable zeptoliter-scale liquid encapsulation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Hae Yeon Lee & Soumya Sarkar & Kate Reidy & Abinash Kumar & Julian Klein & Kenji Watanabe & Takashi Taniguchi & James M. LeBeau & Frances M. Ross & Silvija Gradečak, 2022. "Strong and Localized Luminescence from Interface Bubbles Between Stacked hBN Multilayers," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. András Pálinkás & György Kálvin & Péter Vancsó & Konrád Kandrai & Márton Szendrő & Gergely Németh & Miklós Németh & Áron Pekker & József S. Pap & Péter Petrik & Katalin Kamarás & Levente Tapasztó & Pé, 2022. "The composition and structure of the ubiquitous hydrocarbon contamination on van der Waals materials," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    4. Pablo Hernández López & Sebastian Heeg & Christoph Schattauer & Sviatoslav Kovalchuk & Abhijeet Kumar & Douglas J. Bock & Jan N. Kirchhof & Bianca Höfer & Kyrylo Greben & Denis Yagodkin & Lukas Linhar, 2022. "Strain control of hybridization between dark and localized excitons in a 2D semiconductor," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    5. Boqing Liu & Tanju Yildirim & Tieyu Lü & Elena Blundo & Li Wang & Lixue Jiang & Hongshuai Zou & Lijun Zhang & Huijun Zhao & Zongyou Yin & Fangbao Tian & Antonio Polimeni & Yuerui Lu, 2023. "Variant Plateau’s law in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenide dome networks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.

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