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Unique features of a global human ectoparasite identified through sequencing of the bed bug genome

Author

Listed:
  • Joshua B. Benoit

    (University of Cincinnati)

  • Zach N. Adelman

    (Virginia Tech)

  • Klaus Reinhardt

    (Applied Zoology, Technische Universitaet Dresden)

  • Amanda Dolan

    (University of Rochester)

  • Monica Poelchau

    (National Agricultural Library)

  • Emily C. Jennings

    (University of Cincinnati)

  • Elise M. Szuter

    (University of Cincinnati)

  • Richard W. Hagan

    (University of Cincinnati)

  • Hemant Gujar

    (University of Kentucky)

  • Jayendra Nath Shukla

    (University of Kentucky)

  • Fang Zhu

    (University of Kentucky
    Washington State University)

  • M. Mohan

    (ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Indian Council of Agricultural Research)

  • David R. Nelson

    (Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center)

  • Andrew J. Rosendale

    (University of Cincinnati)

  • Christian Derst

    (Cologne Biocenter and Zoological Institute, University of Cologne)

  • Valentina Resnik

    (Institut für Bienenkunde (Polytechnische Gesellschaft), Goethe University Frankfurt)

  • Sebastian Wernig

    (Institut für Bienenkunde (Polytechnische Gesellschaft), Goethe University Frankfurt)

  • Pamela Menegazzi

    (Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg)

  • Christian Wegener

    (Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg)

  • Nicolai Peschel

    (Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg)

  • Jacob M. Hendershot

    (University of Cincinnati)

  • Wolfgang Blenau

    (Cologne Biocenter and Zoological Institute, University of Cologne)

  • Reinhard Predel

    (Cologne Biocenter and Zoological Institute, University of Cologne)

  • Paul R. Johnston

    (Institute of Biology, Freie Universitaet)

  • Panagiotis Ioannidis

    (University of Geneva)

  • Robert M. Waterhouse

    (University of Geneva
    Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard)

  • Ralf Nauen

    (Pest Control Biology and Research Technologies, Bayer CropScience AG)

  • Corinna Schorn

    (Pest Control Biology and Research Technologies, Bayer CropScience AG)

  • Mark-Christoph Ott

    (Pest Control Biology and Research Technologies, Bayer CropScience AG)

  • Frank Maiwald

    (Pest Control Biology and Research Technologies, Bayer CropScience AG)

  • J. Spencer Johnston

    (Texas A&M University)

  • Ameya D. Gondhalekar

    (Purdue University)

  • Michael E. Scharf

    (Purdue University)

  • Brittany F. Peterson

    (Purdue University)

  • Kapil R. Raje

    (Purdue University)

  • Benjamin A. Hottel

    (University of Florida)

  • David Armisén

    (Institue de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, UMR5242-CNRS)

  • Antonin Jean Johan Crumière

    (Institue de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, UMR5242-CNRS)

  • Peter Nagui Refki

    (Institue de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, UMR5242-CNRS)

  • Maria Emilia Santos

    (Institue de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, UMR5242-CNRS)

  • Essia Sghaier

    (Institue de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, UMR5242-CNRS)

  • Sèverine Viala

    (Institue de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, UMR5242-CNRS)

  • Abderrahman Khila

    (Institue de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, UMR5242-CNRS)

  • Seung-Joon Ahn

    (Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology)

  • Christopher Childers

    (National Agricultural Library)

  • Chien-Yueh Lee

    (National Agricultural Library
    Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University)

  • Han Lin

    (National Agricultural Library
    Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University)

  • Daniel S. T. Hughes

    (Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine)

  • Elizabeth J. Duncan

    (University of Otago)

  • Shwetha C. Murali

    (Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine)

  • Jiaxin Qu

    (Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine)

  • Shannon Dugan

    (Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine)

  • Sandra L. Lee

    (Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine)

  • Hsu Chao

    (Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine)

  • Huyen Dinh

    (Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine)

  • Yi Han

    (Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine)

  • Harshavardhan Doddapaneni

    (Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine)

  • Kim C. Worley

    (Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine)

  • Donna M. Muzny

    (Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine)

  • David Wheeler

    (Institute of Fundamental Science, Massey University)

  • Kristen A. Panfilio

    (Institute for Developmental Biology, University of Cologne)

  • Iris M. Vargas Jentzsch

    (Institute for Developmental Biology, University of Cologne)

  • Edward L. Vargo

    (Texas A&M University)

  • Warren Booth

    (University of Tulsa)

  • Markus Friedrich

    (Wayne State University)

  • Matthew T. Weirauch

    (Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati)

  • Michelle A. E. Anderson

    (Virginia Tech)

  • Jeffery W. Jones

    (Wayne State University)

  • Omprakash Mittapalli

    (The Ohio State University)

  • Chaoyang Zhao

    (The Ohio State University)

  • Jing-Jiang Zhou

    (Rothamsted Research, BBSRC Harpenden)

  • Jay D. Evans

    (United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service Bee Research Laboratory)

  • Geoffrey M. Attardo

    (Yale School of Public Health, Yale University)

  • Hugh M. Robertson

    (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

  • Evgeny M. Zdobnov

    (University of Geneva)

  • Jose M. C. Ribeiro

    (Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease)

  • Richard A. Gibbs

    (Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine)

  • John H. Werren

    (University of Rochester)

  • Subba R. Palli

    (University of Kentucky)

  • Coby Schal

    (North Carolina State University)

  • Stephen Richards

    (Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine)

Abstract

The bed bug, Cimex lectularius, has re-established itself as a ubiquitous human ectoparasite throughout much of the world during the past two decades. This global resurgence is likely linked to increased international travel and commerce in addition to widespread insecticide resistance. Analyses of the C. lectularius sequenced genome (650 Mb) and 14,220 predicted protein-coding genes provide a comprehensive representation of genes that are linked to traumatic insemination, a reduced chemosensory repertoire of genes related to obligate hematophagy, host–symbiont interactions, and several mechanisms of insecticide resistance. In addition, we document the presence of multiple putative lateral gene transfer events. Genome sequencing and annotation establish a solid foundation for future research on mechanisms of insecticide resistance, human–bed bug and symbiont–bed bug associations, and unique features of bed bug biology that contribute to the unprecedented success of C. lectularius as a human ectoparasite.

Suggested Citation

  • Joshua B. Benoit & Zach N. Adelman & Klaus Reinhardt & Amanda Dolan & Monica Poelchau & Emily C. Jennings & Elise M. Szuter & Richard W. Hagan & Hemant Gujar & Jayendra Nath Shukla & Fang Zhu & M. Moh, 2016. "Unique features of a global human ectoparasite identified through sequencing of the bed bug genome," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-10, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:7:y:2016:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms10165
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10165
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