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Satisfying the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen criterion with massive particles

Author

Listed:
  • J. Peise

    (Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover)

  • I. Kruse

    (Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover)

  • K. Lange

    (Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover)

  • B. Lücke

    (Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover)

  • L. Pezzè

    (QSTAR, Largo Enrico Fermi 2
    Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, INO-CNR
    LENS)

  • J. Arlt

    (Institut for Fysik og Astronomi, Aarhus Universitet)

  • W. Ertmer

    (Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover)

  • K. Hammerer

    (Institut für Theoretische Physik, Leibniz Universität Hannover)

  • L. Santos

    (LENS)

  • A. Smerzi

    (QSTAR, Largo Enrico Fermi 2
    Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, INO-CNR
    LENS)

  • C. Klempt

    (Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover)

Abstract

In 1935, Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) questioned the completeness of quantum mechanics by devising a quantum state of two massive particles with maximally correlated space and momentum coordinates. The EPR criterion qualifies such continuous-variable entangled states, where a measurement of one subsystem seemingly allows for a prediction of the second subsystem beyond the Heisenberg uncertainty relation. Up to now, continuous-variable EPR correlations have only been created with photons, while the demonstration of such strongly correlated states with massive particles is still outstanding. Here we report on the creation of an EPR-correlated two-mode squeezed state in an ultracold atomic ensemble. The state shows an EPR entanglement parameter of 0.18(3), which is 2.4 s.d. below the threshold 1/4 of the EPR criterion. We also present a full tomographic reconstruction of the underlying many-particle quantum state. The state presents a resource for tests of quantum nonlocality and a wide variety of applications in the field of continuous-variable quantum information and metrology.

Suggested Citation

  • J. Peise & I. Kruse & K. Lange & B. Lücke & L. Pezzè & J. Arlt & W. Ertmer & K. Hammerer & L. Santos & A. Smerzi & C. Klempt, 2015. "Satisfying the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen criterion with massive particles," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:6:y:2015:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms9984
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9984
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