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The immunomodulating V and W proteins of Nipah virus determine disease course

Author

Listed:
  • Benjamin A. Satterfield

    (Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch
    University of Texas Medical Branch)

  • Robert W. Cross

    (Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch
    University of Texas Medical Branch)

  • Karla A. Fenton

    (Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch
    University of Texas Medical Branch)

  • Krystle N. Agans

    (Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch
    University of Texas Medical Branch)

  • Christopher F. Basler

    (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

  • Thomas W. Geisbert

    (Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch
    University of Texas Medical Branch)

  • Chad E. Mire

    (Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch
    University of Texas Medical Branch)

Abstract

The viral determinants that contribute to Nipah virus (NiV)-mediated disease are poorly understood compared with other paramyxoviruses. Here we use recombinant NiVs (rNiVs) to examine the contributions of the NiV V and W proteins to NiV pathogenesis in a ferret model. We show that a V-deficient rNiV is susceptible to the innate immune response in vitro and behaves as a replicating non-lethal virus in vivo. Remarkably, rNiV lacking W expression results in a delayed and altered disease course with decreased respiratory disease and increased terminal neurological disease associated with altered in vitro inflammatory cytokine production. This study confirms the V protein as the major determinant of pathogenesis, also being the first in vivo study to show that the W protein modulates the inflammatory host immune response in a manner that determines the disease course.

Suggested Citation

  • Benjamin A. Satterfield & Robert W. Cross & Karla A. Fenton & Krystle N. Agans & Christopher F. Basler & Thomas W. Geisbert & Chad E. Mire, 2015. "The immunomodulating V and W proteins of Nipah virus determine disease course," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:6:y:2015:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms8483
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8483
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