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Control of cytoplasmic dynein force production and processivity by its C-terminal domain

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  • Matthew P. Nicholas

    (Albert Einstein College of Medicine)

  • Peter Höök

    (Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons
    Present address: Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics, University of Notre Dame, 138 Hayes-Healy Center, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA)

  • Sibylle Brenner

    (Albert Einstein College of Medicine)

  • Caitlin L. Wynne

    (Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons)

  • Richard B. Vallee

    (Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons)

  • Arne Gennerich

    (Albert Einstein College of Medicine)

Abstract

Cytoplasmic dynein is a microtubule motor involved in cargo transport, nuclear migration and cell division. Despite structural conservation of the dynein motor domain from yeast to higher eukaryotes, the extensively studied S. cerevisiae dynein behaves distinctly from mammalian dyneins, which produce far less force and travel over shorter distances. However, isolated reports of yeast-like force production by mammalian dynein have called interspecies differences into question. We report that functional differences between yeast and mammalian dynein are real and attributable to a C-terminal motor element absent in yeast, which resembles a ‘cap’ over the central pore of the mammalian dynein motor domain. Removal of this cap increases the force generation of rat dynein from 1 pN to a yeast-like 6 pN and greatly increases its travel distance. Our findings identify the CT-cap as a novel regulator of dynein function.

Suggested Citation

  • Matthew P. Nicholas & Peter Höök & Sibylle Brenner & Caitlin L. Wynne & Richard B. Vallee & Arne Gennerich, 2015. "Control of cytoplasmic dynein force production and processivity by its C-terminal domain," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-8, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:6:y:2015:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms7206
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7206
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