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A micro-sterile inflammation array as an adjuvant for influenza vaccines

Author

Listed:
  • Ji Wang

    (Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Harvard Medical School (HMS))

  • Dilip Shah

    (Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Harvard Medical School (HMS))

  • Xinyuan Chen

    (Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Harvard Medical School (HMS))

  • R. Rox Anderson

    (Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Harvard Medical School (HMS)
    Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology (HST))

  • Mei X. Wu

    (Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Harvard Medical School (HMS)
    Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology (HST))

Abstract

There is an urgent need of adjuvants for cutaneous vaccination. Here, we report that micro-sterile inflammation induced at inoculation sites can augment immune responses to influenza vaccines in animal models. The inoculation site is briefly illuminated with a handheld, non-ablative fractional laser before the vaccine is intradermally administered, which creates an array of self-healing microthermal zones (MTZs) in the skin. The dying cells in the MTZs send ‘danger’ signals that attract a large number of antigen-presenting cells, in particular, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) around each MTZ forming a micro-sterile inflammation array. A pivotal role for pDCs in the adjuvanticity is ascertained by significant abrogation of the immunity after systemic depletion of pDCs, local application of a TNF-α inhibitor or null mutation of IFN regulatory factor7 (IRF7). In contrast to conventional adjuvants that cause persistent inflammation and skin lesions, micro-sterile inflammation enhances efficacy of influenza vaccines, yet with diminished adverse effects.

Suggested Citation

  • Ji Wang & Dilip Shah & Xinyuan Chen & R. Rox Anderson & Mei X. Wu, 2014. "A micro-sterile inflammation array as an adjuvant for influenza vaccines," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 5(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:5:y:2014:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms5447
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5447
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