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Arabidopsis florigen FT binds to diurnally oscillating phospholipids that accelerate flowering

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  • Yuki Nakamura

    (Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica
    Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research
    Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn
    Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO)

  • Fernando Andrés

    (Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research)

  • Kazue Kanehara

    (Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica)

  • Yu-chi Liu

    (Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica)

  • Peter Dörmann

    (Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn)

  • George Coupland

    (Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research)

Abstract

Arabidopsis FT protein is a component of florigen, which transmits photoperiodic flowering signals from leaf companion cells to the shoot apex. Here, we show that FT specifically binds phosphatidylcholine (PC) in vitro. A transgenic approach to increase PC levels in vivo in the shoot meristem accelerates flowering whereas reduced PC levels delay flowering, demonstrating that PC levels are correlated with flowering time. The early flowering is related to FT activity, because expression of FT-effector genes is increased in these plants. Simultaneous increase of FT and PC in the shoot apical meristem further stimulates flowering, whereas a loss of FT function leads to an attenuation of the effect of increased PC. Specific molecular species of PC oscillate diurnally, and night-dominant species are not the preferred ligands of FT. Elevating night-dominant species during the day delays flowering. We suggest that FT binds to diurnally changing molecular species of PC to promote flowering.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuki Nakamura & Fernando Andrés & Kazue Kanehara & Yu-chi Liu & Peter Dörmann & George Coupland, 2014. "Arabidopsis florigen FT binds to diurnally oscillating phospholipids that accelerate flowering," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 5(1), pages 1-7, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:5:y:2014:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms4553
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4553
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