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Correlates of risk of respiratory syncytial virus disease: a prospective cohort study

Author

Listed:
  • Collrane Frivold

    (University of Washington
    University of Washington)

  • Sarah N. Cox

    (University of Washington
    University of Washington)

  • Lea Starita

    (Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine
    University of Washington)

  • Tara M. Babu

    (University of Washington)

  • Katherine L. Hoffman

    (University of Washington)

  • Marco Carone

    (University of Washington)

  • Christina M. Lockwood

    (Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine
    University of Washington)

  • Jennifer L. Kuntz

    (Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research)

  • Richard A. Mularski

    (Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research)

  • Alexandra Varga

    (Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research)

  • Peter D. Han

    (University of Washington)

  • Jonathan Reed

    (University of Washington)

  • Eli A. Piliper

    (University of Washington)

  • Shah A. K. Mohamed Bakhash

    (University of Washington)

  • Alexander L. Greninger

    (University of Washington)

  • Erica Clark

    (University of Washington)

  • Jeremy Stone

    (University of Washington)

  • Sally Grindstaff

    (Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine)

  • Cassandra L. Boisvert

    (Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research)

  • Neil Yetz

    (Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research)

  • Natalie K. Lo

    (University of Washington)

  • Tara L. Hatchie

    (University of Washington)

  • Grace Marshall

    (University of Washington)

  • Charles J. Wolock

    (University of Rochester)

  • Leora R. Feldstein

    (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

  • Ana A. Weil

    (University of Washington
    University of Washington)

  • Janet A. Englund

    (Seattle Children’s Research Institute
    University of Washington)

  • Allison L. Naleway

    (Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research)

  • Helen Y. Chu

    (University of Washington
    University of Washington
    Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine)

Abstract

Few population-based studies have evaluated the importance of pre-existing respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antibody on RSV susceptibility among children and adults. We conducted a prospective, community-based cohort study among individuals aged 6 months-50 years in Oregon and Washington State, USA (June 2022-May 2023), with weekly symptom surveys and swab collection regardless of symptoms. Swabs were tested for RSV using RT-qPCR. Enrollment sera were tested for RSV prefusion F IgG binding (all participants) and neutralizing antibodies (pediatric participants). We detected 305 RSV illnesses among 3237 participants from 1188 households. Using proportional hazards regression, higher RSV binding antibody titers were associated with a lower estimated hazard of RSV among pediatric participants (hazard ratio=0.66 per 1-unit difference in log10-RSV antibody titer; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.78). In a post-pandemic period, pre-existing RSV antibody titers were associated with a lower risk of RSV illness in children aged 6 months-17 years, which could inform vaccine development for this age group.

Suggested Citation

  • Collrane Frivold & Sarah N. Cox & Lea Starita & Tara M. Babu & Katherine L. Hoffman & Marco Carone & Christina M. Lockwood & Jennifer L. Kuntz & Richard A. Mularski & Alexandra Varga & Peter D. Han & , 2025. "Correlates of risk of respiratory syncytial virus disease: a prospective cohort study," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-63434-x
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-63434-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cheryl Cohen & Jackie Kleynhans & Jocelyn Moyes & Meredith L. McMorrow & Florette K. Treurnicht & Orienka Hellferscee & Nicole Wolter & Neil A. Martinson & Kathleen Kahn & Limakatso Lebina & Katlego M, 2024. "Incidence and transmission of respiratory syncytial virus in urban and rural South Africa, 2017-2018," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
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