IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/nat/natcom/v16y2025i1d10.1038_s41467-025-63272-x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Highly efficient all-perovskite photovoltaic-powered battery with dual-function viologen for portable electronics

Author

Listed:
  • Jie Gong

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Danpeng Gao

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Hang Zhang

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Xiongyi Liang

    (City University of Hong Kong
    City University of Hong Kong)

  • Bo Li

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Qi Liu

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Liangchen Qian

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Xintong Li

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Xin Wu

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Chunlei Zhang

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Zexin Yu

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Francesco Vanin

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Xiao Cheng Zeng

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Nan Li

    (City University of Hong Kong
    City University of Hong Kong)

  • Jijian Xu

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Chunyi Zhi

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Zonglong Zhu

    (City University of Hong Kong
    City University of Hong Kong
    City University of Hong Kong)

Abstract

Photovoltaic-powered batteries offer a promising integrated solution for sustainable energy in portable electronics, yet conventional designs face challenges in integration, miniaturization, and flexibility. We address this through a dual-functional, material-sharing strategy using ethyl viologen diiodide to achieve synergistic performance enhancement in photovoltaic-powered batteries. The ethyl viologen diiodide-modified perovskite solar cells exhibit 26.11% efficiency and retain 96.2% of their original performance after 1000 h of continuous use. Batteries employing ethyl viologen diiodide-derived perovskitoid cathodes show 296.1 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, with a capacity retention of 89% after 10,000 cycles at 5 A g−1. The resulting all-perovskite-based integrated devices show an overall energy conversion efficiency of 18.54%, with flexible versions achieving 17.62% efficiency and stable photo-charging/discharging cyclability over 100 cycles. These flexible devices reliably power a wearable glucose monitor in intelligent control mode for 24 h, demonstrating their potential for next-generation portable electronics applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Jie Gong & Danpeng Gao & Hang Zhang & Xiongyi Liang & Bo Li & Qi Liu & Liangchen Qian & Xintong Li & Xin Wu & Chunlei Zhang & Zexin Yu & Francesco Vanin & Xiao Cheng Zeng & Nan Li & Jijian Xu & Chunyi, 2025. "Highly efficient all-perovskite photovoltaic-powered battery with dual-function viologen for portable electronics," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-63272-x
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-63272-x
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-63272-x
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1038/s41467-025-63272-x?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bo Li & Qi Liu & Jianqiu Gong & Shuai Li & Chunlei Zhang & Danpeng Gao & Zhongwei Chen & Zhen Li & Xin Wu & Dan Zhao & Zexin Yu & Xintong Li & Yan Wang & Haipeng Lu & Xiao Cheng Zeng & Zonglong Zhu, 2024. "Harnessing strong aromatic conjugation in low-dimensional perovskite heterojunctions for high-performance photovoltaic devices," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    2. Peng Chen & Tian-Tian Li & Yuan-Bo Yang & Guo-Ran Li & Xue-Ping Gao, 2022. "Coupling aqueous zinc batteries and perovskite solar cells for simultaneous energy harvest, conversion and storage," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Bekele Hailegnaw & Stepan Demchyshyn & Christoph Putz & Lukas E. Lehner & Felix Mayr & David Schiller & Roland Pruckner & Munise Cobet & Dorian Ziss & Tobias Maria Krieger & Armando Rastelli & Niyazi , 2024. "Flexible quasi-2D perovskite solar cells with high specific power and improved stability for energy-autonomous drones," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 9(6), pages 677-690, June.
    4. Jiantie Xu & Yonghua Chen & Liming Dai, 2015. "Efficiently photo-charging lithium-ion battery by perovskite solar cell," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-7, November.
    5. Zishuai Zhang & Yilong Zhu & Miao Yu & Yan Jiao & Yan Huang, 2022. "Development of long lifespan high-energy aqueous organic||iodine rechargeable batteries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
    6. Erkan Aydin & Esma Ugur & Bumin K. Yildirim & Thomas G. Allen & Pia Dally & Arsalan Razzaq & Fangfang Cao & Lujia Xu & Badri Vishal & Aren Yazmaciyan & Ahmed A. Said & Shynggys Zhumagali & Randi Azmi , 2023. "Enhanced optoelectronic coupling for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells," Nature, Nature, vol. 623(7988), pages 732-738, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Bo Li & Danpeng Gao & Francesco Vanin & Chunlei Zhang & Zexin Yu & Ning Wang & Jie Gong & Shuai Li & Jianqiu Gong & Liangchen Qian & Yen-Hung Lin & Martin Stolterfoht & Nicholas J. Long & Zonglong Zhu, 2025. "Nanoscale soft interaction-engineered perovskite heterojunctions for highly efficient and reproducible solar cells," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-11, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mahalingam, Savisha & Manap, Abreeza & Floresyona, Dita & Rabeya, Ramisha & Afandi, Nurfanizan & Hasan, Zaimah & Nugroho, Agung, 2025. "Advancements in flexible perovskite solar cells enabling self-powered systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    2. Wenbo Li & Zhe Li & Shun Zhou & Yanzhuo Gou & Guang Li & Jinghao Li & Cheng Wang & Yan Zeng & Jiakai Yan & Yan Li & Wei Dai & Yaoguang Rong & Weijun Ke & Ti Wang & Hongxing Xu, 2025. "Unveiling the nexus between irradiation and phase reconstruction in tin-lead perovskite solar cells," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-10, December.
    3. Weibin Yan & Ying Liu & Jiazhen Qiu & Feipeng Tan & Jiahui Liang & Xinze Cai & Chunlong Dai & Jiangqi Zhao & Zifeng Lin, 2024. "A tripartite synergistic optimization strategy for zinc-iodine batteries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.
    4. Devadiga, Dheeraj & Selvakumar, Muthu & Shetty, Prakasha & Santosh, Mysore Sridhar, 2022. "The integration of flexible dye-sensitized solar cells and storage devices towards wearable self-charging power systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    5. Zheng Fang & Bingru Deng & Yongbin Jin & Liu Yang & Lisha Chen & Yawen Zhong & Huiping Feng & Yue Yin & Kaikai Liu & Yingji Li & Jinyan Zhang & Jiarong Huang & Qinghua Zeng & Hao Wang & Xing Yang & Ji, 2024. "Surface reconstruction of wide-bandgap perovskites enables efficient perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    6. Tan, Peng & Xiao, Xu & Dai, Yawen & Cheng, Chun & Ni, Meng, 2020. "Photo-assisted non-aqueous lithium-oxygen batteries: Progress and prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    7. Naihe Liu & Gao Zhang & Meng Wei & Lijun Yang & Hangyu Gu & Lirong Zeng & Xin Zhang & Yuwei Geng & Ying Zhu & Chengxia Shen & Yongyi Wu & Tao Li & Wei Wang & Xiaolei Li & Kaifu Qiu & Peicheng Wei & Gu, 2025. "Particle decoration enables solution-processed perovskite integration with fully-textured silicon for efficient tandem solar cells," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-10, December.
    8. Yerassyl Olzhabay & Annie Ng & Ikechi A. Ukaegbu, 2021. "Perovskite PV Energy Harvesting System for Uninterrupted IoT Device Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-12, November.
    9. Sakeena Saifi & Xiao Xiao & Simin Cheng & Haotian Guo & Jinsheng Zhang & Peter Müller-Buschbaum & Guangmin Zhou & Xiaomin Xu & Hui-Ming Cheng, 2024. "An ultraflexible energy harvesting-storage system for wearable applications," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-16, December.
    10. Mengjiong Chen & Zhenzhen Qin & Ziyang Zhang & Wenxiang Xiang & Yingming Liu & Chuang Tian & Siyuan Chen & Yanbo Wang & Liyuan Han, 2025. "Low-temperature sequential deposition for efficient inverted perovskite solar cells," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-9, December.
    11. Dan Yang & Bita Fahadi & Xiao Jia & Shiqi Rong & Qingshun Dong & Wenming Tian & Xiao Jiang & Zhe Yan & Shaojuan Bao & Jilei Wang & Minyong Du & Ke Tao & Xu Zhang & Kai Wang & Jing Ma & Shengzhong Liu, 2025. "Amphoteric coplanar conjugated molecules enabling efficient and stable perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-13, December.
    12. Wang, Hao & Yi, Minyi & Zhang, Zutao & Zhang, Hexiang & Liu, Jizong & Zhu, Zhongyin & Wang, Qijun & Yuan, Yanping, 2023. "A wind-solar energy harvester based on airflow enhancement mechanism for rail-side devices," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    13. Wenjiao Ma & Tingting Liu & Chen Xu & Chengjun Lei & Pengjie Jiang & Xin He & Xiao Liang, 2023. "A twelve-electron conversion iodine cathode enabled by interhalogen chemistry in aqueous solution," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
    14. Peng Chen & Tian-Tian Li & Yuan-Bo Yang & Guo-Ran Li & Xue-Ping Gao, 2022. "Coupling aqueous zinc batteries and perovskite solar cells for simultaneous energy harvest, conversion and storage," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    15. Jingyu Huang & Lin Mao, 2025. "A Review on Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells: Current Status and Future Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-28, August.
    16. Jingwei Zhu & Xiaozhen Huang & Yi Luo & Wenbo Jiao & Yuliang Xu & Juncheng Wang & Zhiyu Gao & Kun Wei & Tianshu Ma & Jiayu You & Jialun Jin & Shenghan Wu & Zhihao Zhang & Wenqing Liang & Yang Wang & S, 2025. "Self-assembled hole-selective contact for efficient Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells and all-perovskite tandems," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-11, December.
    17. Ahmed A. Said & Erkan Aydin & Esma Ugur & Zhaojian Xu & Caner Deger & Badri Vishal & Aleš Vlk & Pia Dally & Bumin K. Yildirim & Randi Azmi & Jiang Liu & Edward A. Jackson & Holly M. Johnson & Manting , 2024. "Sublimed C60 for efficient and repeatable perovskite-based solar cells," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    18. Pin Wang & Mengfan Xue & Dongjian Jiang & Yanliang Yang & Junzhe Zhang & Hongzheng Dong & Gengzhi Sun & Yingfang Yao & Wenjun Luo & Zhigang Zou, 2022. "Photovoltage memory effect in a portable Faradaic junction solar rechargeable device," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    19. Bo Li & Danpeng Gao & Francesco Vanin & Chunlei Zhang & Zexin Yu & Ning Wang & Jie Gong & Shuai Li & Jianqiu Gong & Liangchen Qian & Yen-Hung Lin & Martin Stolterfoht & Nicholas J. Long & Zonglong Zhu, 2025. "Nanoscale soft interaction-engineered perovskite heterojunctions for highly efficient and reproducible solar cells," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-11, December.
    20. Yinqing Sun & Faming Li & Hao Zhang & Wenzhu Liu & Zenghui Wang & Lin Mao & Qian Li & Youlin He & Tian Yang & Xianggang Sun & Yicheng Qian & Yinyi Ma & Liping Zhang & Junlin Du & Jianhua Shi & Guangyu, 2025. "Flexible perovskite/silicon monolithic tandem solar cells approaching 30% efficiency," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-9, December.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-63272-x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.nature.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.