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Magma chamber failure and dyke injection threshold for magma-driven unrest at Campi Flegrei caldera

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  • Jacopo Natale

    (Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro)

  • Stefano Vitale

    (Università di Napoli Federico II)

Abstract

In this work, we reconstruct the geometry and magma properties of the dyke that fed the Nisida eruption (~3.9 ka), located across the rim of the Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy). Results indicate that the magmatic overpressure was ~35 MPa, the dyke depth of origin was at ~5-6 km, consistent with petrologic studies, and the volume of the active magma chamber was 85-150 km3 with an upper bound of excess pressure rupture threshold of ~9 MPa. We show that a range between 4-9 MPa is common among the moderate-sized volcanic eruptions vented along caldera structures, suggesting a shared magma reservoir. Considering the volume change required to reach the rupture threshold, we simulate the ground deformation pattern triggered by such magma recharge, which produces a different and thus distinguishable geodetic signal compared to the currently observed one. This work may serve as a reference for identifying the transition from magma-driven unrest to volcanism at Campi Flegrei.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacopo Natale & Stefano Vitale, 2025. "Magma chamber failure and dyke injection threshold for magma-driven unrest at Campi Flegrei caldera," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-62636-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-62636-7
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