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Safety and efficacy of 3- and 5-day regimens of levamisole in loiasis: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial

Author

Listed:
  • Cédric B. Chesnais

    (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
    Ministère de la Santé et de la Population)

  • Marlhand C. Hemilembolo

    (Ministère de la Santé et de la Population)

  • Bachiratou A. Sahm

    (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD))

  • Florentin Toutin

    (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD))

  • Ericson Djeutassong

    (Higher Institute for Scientific and Medical Research (ISM))

  • Nadia Nga-Elomo

    (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD))

  • Benjamin Cuer

    (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD))

  • Mas A. Ntsiba-N’Goulou

    (Ministère de la Santé et de la Population)

  • Miveck Pakat

    (Ministère de la Santé et de la Population)

  • Sébastien D. S. Pion

    (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD))

  • François Missamou

    (Ministère de la Santé et de la Population)

  • Michel Boussinesq

    (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD))

  • Jérémy T. Campillo

    (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD))

Abstract

Individuals with high Loa loa microfilarial densities (MFD) risk serious adverse events (SAEs) following ivermectin treatment. A single dose of levamisole (LEV) induces a temporary, progressive MFD decrease. This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of 3-day and 5-day LEV regimens for the treatment of loiasis in the Republic of the Congo. Participants were randomly assigned to receive placebo (PLA), LEV-3, or LEV-5. Safety was assessed by the occurrence of SAEs and the frequency and severity of AEs. Efficacy was measured by changes in Loa loa MFD. No SAEs were reported, and AE severity was comparable across treatment arms. On day 5, MFD reductions were greater in the LEV-3 and LEV-5 groups compared to PLA ( −1.6%, 29.3%, and 51.4%, respectively; P

Suggested Citation

  • Cédric B. Chesnais & Marlhand C. Hemilembolo & Bachiratou A. Sahm & Florentin Toutin & Ericson Djeutassong & Nadia Nga-Elomo & Benjamin Cuer & Mas A. Ntsiba-N’Goulou & Miveck Pakat & Sébastien D. S. P, 2025. "Safety and efficacy of 3- and 5-day regimens of levamisole in loiasis: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-61479-6
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-61479-6
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