Synthesis of ionizable lipopolymers using split-Ugi reaction for pulmonary delivery of various size RNAs and gene editing

We present an efficient method for synthesizing cationic poly(ethylene imine) derivatives using the multicomponent split-Ugi reaction to create a library of functional ionizable lipopolymers. Here we show 155 polymers, formulated into polyplexes, to establish structure-activity relationships essential for endosomal escape and transfection. A lead structure is identified, and lipopolymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles are developed to deliver mRNA to lung endothelium and immune cells, including T cells, with low in vivo toxicity. These nanoparticles show significant improvements in mRNA delivery to the lung compared to in vivo-JetPEI® and demonstrate effective delivery of therapeutic mRNA(s) of various sizes. IL-12 mRNA-loaded nanoparticles delay Lewis Lung cancer progression, while human CFTR mRNA restores CFTR protein function in CFTR knockout mice. Additionally, we demonstrate in vivo CRISPR-Cas9 mRNA delivery, achieving gene editing in lung tissue and successful PD-1 knockout in T cells in mice. These results highlight the platform’s potential for systemic gene therapy delivery.