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Cell Painting PLUS: expanding the multiplexing capacity of Cell Painting-based phenotypic profiling using iterative staining-elution cycles

Author

Listed:
  • Elena Coburg

    (German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR)
    University of Potsdam)

  • Marlene Wedler

    (German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR)
    Free University of Berlin)

  • Jose M. Muino

    (German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR)
    and Berlin Institute of Health)

  • Christopher Wolff

    (Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP))

  • Nils Körber

    (Robert Koch Institute)

  • Sebastian Dunst

    (German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR))

  • Shu Liu

    (German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR))

Abstract

Phenotypic changes in the morphology and internal organization of cells can indicate perturbations in cell functions. Therefore, imaging-based high-throughput phenotypic profiling (HTPP) applications such as Cell Painting (CP) play an important role in basic and translational research, drug discovery, and regulatory toxicology. Here we present the Cell Painting PLUS (CPP) assay, an efficient, robust and broadly applicable approach that further expands the versatility of available HTPP methods and offers additional options for addressing mode-of-action specific research questions. An iterative staining-elution cycle allows multiplexing of at least seven fluorescent dyes that label nine different subcellular compartments and organelles including the plasma membrane, actin cytoskeleton, cytoplasmic RNA, nucleoli, lysosomes, nuclear DNA, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and Golgi apparatus. In this way, CPP significantly expands the flexibility, customizability, and multiplexing capacity of the original CP method and, importantly, also improves the organelle-specificity and diversity of the phenotypic profiles due to the separate imaging and analysis of single dyes in individual channels.

Suggested Citation

  • Elena Coburg & Marlene Wedler & Jose M. Muino & Christopher Wolff & Nils Körber & Sebastian Dunst & Shu Liu, 2025. "Cell Painting PLUS: expanding the multiplexing capacity of Cell Painting-based phenotypic profiling using iterative staining-elution cycles," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-21, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-58765-8
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58765-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kristi Kuljus & Dietrich Von Rosen & Salomon Sand & Katarina Victorin, 2006. "Comparing Experimental Designs for Benchmark Dose Calculations for Continuous Endpoints," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 26(4), pages 1031-1043, August.
    2. Kai Yang & Ming Wang & Yuzheng Zhao & Xuxu Sun & Yi Yang & Xie Li & Aiwu Zhou & Huilin Chu & Hu Zhou & Jianrong Xu & Mian Wu & Jie Yang & Jing Yi, 2016. "A redox mechanism underlying nucleolar stress sensing by nucleophosmin," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-16, December.
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