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Visualizing the internal structure of the charge-density-wave state in CeSbTe

Author

Listed:
  • Xinglu Que

    (Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research)

  • Qingyu He

    (Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research)

  • Lihui Zhou

    (Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research)

  • Shiming Lei

    (Princeton University
    Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)

  • Leslie Schoop

    (Princeton University)

  • Dennis Huang

    (Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research)

  • Hidenori Takagi

    (Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research
    University of Stuttgart
    University of Tokyo)

Abstract

The collective reorganization of electrons into a charge density wave has long served as a textbook example of an ordered phase in condensed matter physics. Two-dimensional square lattices with p electrons are well-suited to the realization of charge density waves, due to the anisotropy of the p orbitals and the resulting one dimensionality of the electronic structure. In spite of a long history of study of charge density waves in square-lattice systems, few reports have recognized the significance of a hidden orbital degree of freedom. The degeneracy of px and py electrons may give rise to orbital patterns in real space that endow the charge density wave with additional broken symmetries or unusual order parameters. Here, we use scanning tunneling microscopy to visualize the internal structure of the charge-density-wave state of CeSbTe, which contains Sb square lattices with 5p electrons. We image atomic-sized, anisotropic lobes of charge density with periodically modulating anisotropy, which we interpret in terms of a superposition of px and py bond density waves. Our results support the fact that delocalized p orbitals can reorganize into emergent electronic states of matter.

Suggested Citation

  • Xinglu Que & Qingyu He & Lihui Zhou & Shiming Lei & Leslie Schoop & Dennis Huang & Hidenori Takagi, 2025. "Visualizing the internal structure of the charge-density-wave state in CeSbTe," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-11, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-58417-x
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58417-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Leslie M. Schoop & Mazhar N. Ali & Carola Straßer & Andreas Topp & Andrei Varykhalov & Dmitry Marchenko & Viola Duppel & Stuart S. P. Parkin & Bettina V. Lotsch & Christian R. Ast, 2016. "Dirac cone protected by non-symmorphic symmetry and three-dimensional Dirac line node in ZrSiS," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-7, September.
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    3. T. Hanaguri & C. Lupien & Y. Kohsaka & D.-H. Lee & M. Azuma & M. Takano & H. Takagi & J. C. Davis, 2004. "A ‘checkerboard’ electronic crystal state in lightly hole-doped Ca2-xNaxCuO2Cl2," Nature, Nature, vol. 430(7003), pages 1001-1005, August.
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