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Release of CD36-associated cell-free mitochondrial DNA and RNA as a hallmark of space environment response

Author

Listed:
  • Nailil Husna

    (University of Tsukuba
    University of Tsukuba)

  • Tatsuya Aiba

    (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA))

  • Shin-Ichiro Fujita

    (University of Tsukuba
    Northwestern University)

  • Yoshika Saito

    (Kyoto University)

  • Dai Shiba

    (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA))

  • Takashi Kudo

    (University of Tsukuba
    University of Tsukuba)

  • Satoru Takahashi

    (University of Tsukuba
    University of Tsukuba)

  • Satoshi Furukawa

    (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA))

  • Masafumi Muratani

    (University of Tsukuba
    University of Tsukuba)

Abstract

A detailed understanding of how spaceflight affects human health is essential for long-term space exploration. Liquid biopsies allow for minimally-invasive multi-omics assessments that can resolve the molecular heterogeneity of internal tissues. Here, we report initial results from the JAXA Cell-Free Epigenome Study, a liquid biopsy study with six astronauts who resided on the International Space Station (ISS) for more than 120 days. Analysis of plasma cell-free RNA (cfRNA) collected before, during, and after spaceflight confirms previously reported mitochondrial dysregulation in space. Screening with 361 cell surface marker antibodies identifies a mitochondrial DNA-enriched fraction associated with the scavenger receptor CD36. RNA-sequencing of the CD36 fraction reveals tissue-enriched RNA species, suggesting the plasma mitochondrial components originated from various tissues. We compare our plasma cfRNA data to mouse plasma cfRNA data from a previous JAXA mission, which had used on-board artificial gravity, and discover a link between microgravity and the observed mitochondrial responses.

Suggested Citation

  • Nailil Husna & Tatsuya Aiba & Shin-Ichiro Fujita & Yoshika Saito & Dai Shiba & Takashi Kudo & Satoru Takahashi & Satoshi Furukawa & Masafumi Muratani, 2024. "Release of CD36-associated cell-free mitochondrial DNA and RNA as a hallmark of space environment response," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-41995-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41995-z
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