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Epidemiology of Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale spp. in Kinshasa Province, Democratic Republic of Congo

Author

Listed:
  • Rachel Sendor

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Kristin Banek

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Melchior M. Kashamuka

    (University of Kinshasa)

  • Nono Mvuama

    (University of Kinshasa)

  • Joseph A. Bala

    (University of Kinshasa)

  • Marthe Nkalani

    (University of Kinshasa)

  • Georges Kihuma

    (University of Kinshasa)

  • Joseph Atibu

    (University of Kinshasa)

  • Kyaw L. Thwai

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • W. Matthew Svec

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Varun Goel

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
    University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Tommy Nseka

    (University of Kinshasa)

  • Jessica T. Lin

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
    University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Jeffrey A. Bailey

    (Brown University)

  • Michael Emch

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
    University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Margaret Carrel

    (University of Iowa)

  • Jonathan J. Juliano

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
    University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
    University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Antoinette Tshefu

    (University of Kinshasa)

  • Jonathan B. Parr

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
    University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

Abstract

Reports suggest non-falciparum species are an underappreciated cause of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa but their epidemiology is ill-defined, particularly in highly malaria-endemic regions. We estimated incidence and prevalence of PCR-confirmed non-falciparum and Plasmodium falciparum malaria infections within a longitudinal study conducted in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) between 2015-2017. Children and adults were sampled at biannual household surveys and routine clinic visits. Among 9,089 samples from 1,565 participants, incidences of P. malariae, P. ovale spp., and P. falciparum infections by 1-year were 7.8% (95% CI: 6.4%-9.1%), 4.8% (95% CI: 3.7%-5.9%) and 57.5% (95% CI: 54.4%-60.5%), respectively. Non-falciparum prevalences were higher in school-age children, rural and peri-urban sites, and P. falciparum co-infections. P. falciparum remains the primary driver of malaria in the DRC, though non-falciparum species also pose an infection risk. As P. falciparum interventions gain traction in high-burden settings, continued surveillance and improved understanding of non-falciparum infections are warranted.

Suggested Citation

  • Rachel Sendor & Kristin Banek & Melchior M. Kashamuka & Nono Mvuama & Joseph A. Bala & Marthe Nkalani & Georges Kihuma & Joseph Atibu & Kyaw L. Thwai & W. Matthew Svec & Varun Goel & Tommy Nseka & Jes, 2023. "Epidemiology of Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale spp. in Kinshasa Province, Democratic Republic of Congo," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-42190-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42190-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nicholas F. Brazeau & Cedar L. Mitchell & Andrew P. Morgan & Molly Deutsch-Feldman & Oliver John Watson & Kyaw L. Thwai & Pere Gelabert & Lucy Dorp & Corinna Y. Keeler & Andreea Waltmann & Michael Emc, 2021. "The epidemiology of Plasmodium vivax among adults in the Democratic Republic of the Congo," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-10, December.
    2. Manas Kotepui & Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui & Giovanni D Milanez & Frederick R Masangkay, 2020. "Severity and mortality of severe Plasmodium ovale infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(6), pages 1-15, June.
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