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Wax worm saliva and the enzymes therein are the key to polyethylene degradation by Galleria mellonella

Author

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  • A. Sanluis-Verdes

    (Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas-Margarita Salas (CIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Department of Plant and Microbial Biology)

  • P. Colomer-Vidal

    (Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas-Margarita Salas (CIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Department of Plant and Microbial Biology)

  • F. Rodriguez-Ventura

    (Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas-Margarita Salas (CIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Department of Plant and Microbial Biology)

  • M. Bello-Villarino

    (Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas-Margarita Salas (CIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Department of Plant and Microbial Biology)

  • M. Spinola-Amilibia

    (CIB-CSIC, Department of Structural and Chemical Biology)

  • E. Ruiz-Lopez

    (Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB)-CSIC)

  • R. Illanes-Vicioso

    (Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB)-CSIC)

  • P. Castroviejo

    (University of Burgos)

  • R. Aiese Cigliano

    (Sequentia Biotech SL)

  • M. Montoya

    (CIB-CSIC, Department of Molecular Biomedicine)

  • P. Falabella

    (University of Basilicata)

  • C. Pesquera

    (Inorganic Chemistry Group-University of Cantabria, Nanomedicine-IDIVAL)

  • L. Gonzalez-Legarreta

    (Inorganic Chemistry Group-University of Cantabria, Nanomedicine-IDIVAL)

  • E. Arias-Palomo

    (CIB-CSIC, Department of Structural and Chemical Biology)

  • M. Solà

    (Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB)-CSIC)

  • T. Torroba

    (University of Burgos)

  • C. F. Arias

    (Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas-Margarita Salas (CIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Department of Plant and Microbial Biology)

  • F. Bertocchini

    (Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas-Margarita Salas (CIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Department of Plant and Microbial Biology)

Abstract

Plastic degradation by biological systems with re-utilization of the by-products could be a future solution to the global threat of plastic waste accumulation. Here, we report that the saliva of Galleria mellonella larvae (wax worms) is capable of oxidizing and depolymerizing polyethylene (PE), one of the most produced and sturdy polyolefin-derived plastics. This effect is achieved after a few hours’ exposure at room temperature under physiological conditions (neutral pH). The wax worm saliva can overcome the bottleneck step in PE biodegradation, namely the initial oxidation step. Within the saliva, we identify two enzymes, belonging to the phenol oxidase family, that can reproduce the same effect. To the best of our knowledge, these enzymes are the first animal enzymes with this capability, opening the way to potential solutions for plastic waste management through bio-recycling/up-cycling.

Suggested Citation

  • A. Sanluis-Verdes & P. Colomer-Vidal & F. Rodriguez-Ventura & M. Bello-Villarino & M. Spinola-Amilibia & E. Ruiz-Lopez & R. Illanes-Vicioso & P. Castroviejo & R. Aiese Cigliano & M. Montoya & P. Falab, 2022. "Wax worm saliva and the enzymes therein are the key to polyethylene degradation by Galleria mellonella," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-33127-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33127-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Katrin Besser & Graham P. Malyon & William S. Eborall & Giovanni Paro da Cunha & Jefferson G. Filgueiras & Adam Dowle & Lourdes Cruz Garcia & Samuel J. Page & Ray Dupree & Marcelo Kern & Leonardo D. G, 2018. "Hemocyanin facilitates lignocellulose digestion by wood-boring marine crustaceans," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-14, December.
    2. Liu Ren & Lina Men & Zhiwei Zhang & Feifei Guan & Jian Tian & Bin Wang & Jihua Wang & Yuhong Zhang & Wei Zhang, 2019. "Biodegradation of Polyethylene by Enterobacter sp. D1 from the Guts of Wax Moth Galleria mellonella," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-11, May.
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