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Inflated pyroclasts in proximal fallout deposits reveal abrupt transitions in eruption behaviour

Author

Listed:
  • Thomas J. Jones

    (University of Liverpool)

  • Yannick Moigne

    (Simon Fraser University
    Université Clermont-Auvergne)

  • James K. Russell

    (University of British Columbia)

  • Glyn Williams-Jones

    (Simon Fraser University)

  • Daniele Giordano

    (Universitá degli studi di Torino)

  • Donald B. Dingwell

    (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität)

Abstract

During explosive eruption of low viscosity magmas, pyroclasts are cooled predominantly by forced convection. Depending on the cooling efficiency relative to other timescales, a spectrum of deposits can be formed. Deposition of hot clasts, above their glass transition temperature, can form spatter mounds, ramparts and clastogenic lava flows. Clasts may also be deposited cold, producing tephra cones and blankets. Thus, the deposit and pyroclast type can provide information about eruption dynamics and magma properties. Here we examine pyroclasts from Tseax volcano, British Columbia, Canada. These newly identified inflated pyroclasts, are fluidal in form, have undergone post-depositional expansion, and are found juxtaposed with scoria. Detailed field, chemical and textural observations, coupled with high temperature rheometry and thermal modelling, reveal that abrupt transitions in eruptive behaviour — from lava fountaining to low-energy bubble bursts — created these pyroclastic deposits. These findings should help identify transitions in eruptive behaviour at other mafic volcanoes worldwide.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas J. Jones & Yannick Moigne & James K. Russell & Glyn Williams-Jones & Daniele Giordano & Donald B. Dingwell, 2022. "Inflated pyroclasts in proximal fallout deposits reveal abrupt transitions in eruption behaviour," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-30501-6
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30501-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Thomas J. Jones & James K. Russell & Richard J. Brown & Lea Hollendonner, 2022. "Melt stripping and agglutination of pyroclasts during the explosive eruption of low viscosity magmas," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Yannick Le Moigne & Glyn Williams-Jones & Kelly Russell & Steve Quane, 2020. "Physical volcanology of Tseax Volcano, British Columbia, Canada," Journal of Maps, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(2), pages 363-375, December.
    3. T. J. Jones & C. D. Reynolds & S. C. Boothroyd, 2019. "Fluid dynamic induced break-up during volcanic eruptions," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-7, December.
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