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Gate-tunable plasmons in mixed-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures

Author

Listed:
  • Sheng Wang

    (University of California at Berkeley
    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)

  • SeokJae Yoo

    (University of California at Berkeley
    Korea University)

  • Sihan Zhao

    (University of California at Berkeley)

  • Wenyu Zhao

    (University of California at Berkeley)

  • Salman Kahn

    (University of California at Berkeley)

  • Dingzhou Cui

    (University of Southern California)

  • Fanqi Wu

    (University of Southern California)

  • Lili Jiang

    (University of California at Berkeley)

  • M. Iqbal Bakti Utama

    (University of California at Berkeley
    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
    University of California at Berkeley)

  • Hongyuan Li

    (University of California at Berkeley
    University of California at Berkeley)

  • Shaowei Li

    (University of California at Berkeley
    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)

  • Alexander Zibrov

    (University of California at Berkeley
    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)

  • Emma Regan

    (University of California at Berkeley
    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
    University of California at Berkeley)

  • Danqing Wang

    (University of California at Berkeley
    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
    University of California at Berkeley)

  • Zuocheng Zhang

    (University of California at Berkeley)

  • Kenji Watanabe

    (National Institute for Materials Science)

  • Takashi Taniguchi

    (National Institute for Materials Science)

  • Chongwu Zhou

    (University of Southern California
    University of Southern California)

  • Feng Wang

    (University of California at Berkeley
    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
    Berkeley and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)

Abstract

Surface plasmons, collective electromagnetic excitations coupled to conduction electron oscillations, enable the manipulation of light–matter interactions at the nanoscale. Plasmon dispersion of metallic structures depends sensitively on their dimensionality and has been intensively studied for fundamental physics as well as applied technologies. Here, we report possible evidence for gate-tunable hybrid plasmons from the dimensionally mixed coupling between one-dimensional (1D) carbon nanotubes and two-dimensional (2D) graphene. In contrast to the carrier density-independent 1D Luttinger liquid plasmons in bare metallic carbon nanotubes, plasmon wavelengths in the 1D-2D heterostructure are modulated by 75% via electrostatic gating while retaining the high figures of merit of 1D plasmons. We propose a theoretical model to describe the electromagnetic interaction between plasmons in nanotubes and graphene, suggesting plasmon hybridization as a possible origin for the observed large plasmon modulation. The mixed-dimensional plasmonic heterostructures may enable diverse designs of tunable plasmonic nanodevices.

Suggested Citation

  • Sheng Wang & SeokJae Yoo & Sihan Zhao & Wenyu Zhao & Salman Kahn & Dingzhou Cui & Fanqi Wu & Lili Jiang & M. Iqbal Bakti Utama & Hongyuan Li & Shaowei Li & Alexander Zibrov & Emma Regan & Danqing Wang, 2021. "Gate-tunable plasmons in mixed-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-7, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-25269-0
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25269-0
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