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Distinct patterns of within-host virus populations between two subgroups of human respiratory syncytial virus

Author

Listed:
  • Gu-Lung Lin

    (University of Oxford
    NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre)

  • Simon B. Drysdale

    (University of Oxford
    NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre
    University of London)

  • Matthew D. Snape

    (University of Oxford
    NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre)

  • Daniel O’Connor

    (University of Oxford
    NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre)

  • Anthony Brown

    (University of Oxford)

  • George MacIntyre-Cockett

    (University of Oxford)

  • Esther Mellado-Gomez

    (University of Oxford)

  • Mariateresa Cesare

    (University of Oxford)

  • David Bonsall

    (University of Oxford
    University of Oxford)

  • M. Azim Ansari

    (University of Oxford)

  • Deniz Öner

    (Janssen Pharmaceutica NV)

  • Jeroen Aerssens

    (Janssen Pharmaceutica NV)

  • Christopher Butler

    (University of Oxford)

  • Louis Bont

    (University Medical Center Utrecht
    ReSViNET Foundation)

  • Peter Openshaw

    (Imperial College London)

  • Federico Martinón-Torres

    (Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela
    Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela)

  • Harish Nair

    (University of Edinburgh)

  • Rory Bowden

    (University of Oxford
    Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research)

  • Tanya Golubchik

    (University of Oxford)

  • Andrew J. Pollard

    (University of Oxford
    NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre)

Abstract

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infection in young children globally, but little is known about within-host RSV diversity. Here, we characterised within-host RSV populations using deep-sequencing data from 319 nasopharyngeal swabs collected during 2017–2020. RSV-B had lower consensus diversity than RSV-A at the population level, while exhibiting greater within-host diversity. Two RSV-B consensus sequences had an amino acid alteration (K68N) in the fusion (F) protein, which has been associated with reduced susceptibility to nirsevimab (MEDI8897), a novel RSV monoclonal antibody under development. In addition, several minor variants were identified in the antigenic sites of the F protein, one of which may confer resistance to palivizumab, the only licensed RSV monoclonal antibody. The differences in within-host virus populations emphasise the importance of monitoring for vaccine efficacy and may help to explain the different prevalences of monoclonal antibody-escape mutants between the two subgroups.

Suggested Citation

  • Gu-Lung Lin & Simon B. Drysdale & Matthew D. Snape & Daniel O’Connor & Anthony Brown & George MacIntyre-Cockett & Esther Mellado-Gomez & Mariateresa Cesare & David Bonsall & M. Azim Ansari & Deniz Öne, 2021. "Distinct patterns of within-host virus populations between two subgroups of human respiratory syncytial virus," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-25265-4
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25265-4
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    Cited by:

    1. Deshan Perera & Evan Li & Paul MK Gordon & Frank Meer & Tarah Lynch & John Gill & Deirdre L. Church & A. P. Jason Koning & Christian D. Huber & Guido Marle & Alexander Platt & Quan Long, 2025. "Apollo: a comprehensive GPU-powered within-host simulator for viral evolution and infection dynamics across population, tissue, and cell," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-17, December.
    2. Gu-Lung Lin & Simon B. Drysdale & Matthew D. Snape & Daniel O’Connor & Anthony Brown & George MacIntyre-Cockett & Esther Mellado-Gomez & Mariateresa Cesare & M. Azim Ansari & David Bonsall & James E. , 2024. "Targeted metagenomics reveals association between severity and pathogen co-detection in infants with respiratory syncytial virus," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, December.

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