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Polarity-dependent nonlinear optics of nanowires under electric field

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  • Regev Ben-Zvi

    (Weizmann Institute of Science)

  • Omri Bar-Elli

    (Weizmann Institute of Science)

  • Dan Oron

    (Weizmann Institute of Science)

  • Ernesto Joselevich

    (Weizmann Institute of Science)

Abstract

Polar materials display a series of interesting and widely exploited properties owing to the inherent coupling between their fixed electric dipole and any action that involves a change in their charge distribution. Among these properties are piezoelectricity, ferroelectricity, pyroelectricity, and the bulk photovoltaic effect. Here we report the observation of a related property in this series, where an external electric field applied parallel or anti-parallel to the polar axis of a crystal leads to an increase or decrease in its second-order nonlinear optical response, respectively. This property of electric-field-modulated second-harmonic generation (EFM-SHG) is observed here in nanowires of the polar crystal ZnO, and is exploited as an analytical tool to directly determine by optical means the absolute direction of their polarity, which in turn provides important information about their epitaxy and growth mechanism. EFM-SHG may be observed in any type of polar nanostructures and used to map the absolute polarity of materials at the nanoscale.

Suggested Citation

  • Regev Ben-Zvi & Omri Bar-Elli & Dan Oron & Ernesto Joselevich, 2021. "Polarity-dependent nonlinear optics of nanowires under electric field," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-23488-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23488-z
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