Author
Listed:
- Yashavanth Shaan Lakshmanappa
(UC Davis)
- Sonny R. Elizaldi
(UC Davis
UC Davis)
- Jamin W. Roh
(UC Davis
UC Davis)
- Brian A. Schmidt
(UC Davis)
- Timothy D. Carroll
(UC Davis)
- Kourtney D. Weaver
(Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center)
- Justin C. Smith
(Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center)
- Anil Verma
(UC Davis)
- Jesse D. Deere
(UC Davis)
- Joseph Dutra
(UC Davis)
- Mars Stone
(University of California
Vitalant Research Institute)
- Sergej Franz
(Vitalant Research Institute)
- Rebecca Lee Sammak
(UC Davis)
- Katherine J. Olstad
(UC Davis)
- J. Rachel Reader
(UC Davis
UC Davis)
- Zhong-Min Ma
(UC Davis)
- Nancy K. Nguyen
(UC Davis)
- Jennifer Watanabe
(UC Davis)
- Jodie Usachenko
(UC Davis)
- Ramya Immareddy
(UC Davis)
- JoAnn L. Yee
(UC Davis)
- Daniela Weiskopf
(La Jolla Institute for Immunology)
- Alessandro Sette
(La Jolla Institute for Immunology
University of California)
- Dennis Hartigan-O’Connor
(UC Davis
UC Davis)
- Stephen J. McSorley
(UC Davis
UC Davis)
- John H. Morrison
(UC Davis
UC Davis)
- Nam K. Tran
(UC Davis)
- Graham Simmons
(University of California
Vitalant Research Institute)
- Michael P. Busch
(University of California
Vitalant Research Institute)
- Pamela A. Kozlowski
(Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center)
- Koen K. A. Rompay
(UC Davis
UC Davis)
- Christopher J. Miller
(UC Davis
UC Davis
UC Davis)
- Smita S. Iyer
(UC Davis
UC Davis
UC Davis)
Abstract
CD4 T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are important for the generation of durable and specific humoral protection against viral infections. The degree to which SARS-CoV-2 infection generates Tfh cells and stimulates the germinal center (GC) response is an important question as we investigate vaccine induced immunity against COVID-19. Here, we report that SARS-CoV-2 infection in rhesus macaques, either infused with convalescent plasma, normal plasma, or receiving no infusion, resulted in transient accumulation of pro-inflammatory monocytes and proliferating Tfh cells with a Th1 profile in peripheral blood. CD4 helper cell responses skewed predominantly toward a Th1 response in blood, lung, and lymph nodes. SARS-CoV-2 Infection induced GC Tfh cells specific for the SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins, and a corresponding early appearance of antiviral serum IgG antibodies. Collectively, the data show induction of GC responses in a rhesus model of mild COVID-19.
Suggested Citation
Yashavanth Shaan Lakshmanappa & Sonny R. Elizaldi & Jamin W. Roh & Brian A. Schmidt & Timothy D. Carroll & Kourtney D. Weaver & Justin C. Smith & Anil Verma & Jesse D. Deere & Joseph Dutra & Mars Ston, 2021.
"SARS-CoV-2 induces robust germinal center CD4 T follicular helper cell responses in rhesus macaques,"
Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-14, December.
Handle:
RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-020-20642-x
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20642-x
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